Health promotion refers to actions that enable individuals to increase their control over and enhance their health. Health promotion goes beyond the focus on individual behavior toward a diverse range of social and environmental interventions. Health promotion aims to maintain a healthy population by providing health education resources. Nurses play an essential role in successful health promotion and supporting healthy behaviors (World Health Organization, n.d). The paper is focused on discussing the hypothetical health promotion plan, and the focus is on tobacco use (vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking) cessation program.
The selected population
Healthy People 2030 was aimed at reducing the illness, disability, and death caused by vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking. The reports by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) show that exposure to tobacco use through vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking leads to an increase in individual risks of diseases, disability, and death in the United States (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019). Tobacco use is a common habit among teenagers, and most of these youths tend to be addicted to vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking. This is basically due to the addictive substance of nicotine that leads to the brain damage of these teenagers.
Adolescents are exposed to vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking practice at a tender age (below 18 years). The risk of peer influence is a critical characteristic common to teenagers. It is considered a risk of exposure to tobacco use practices such as vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking. At a teenage age, individuals are exposed to smoking experimentation. The CDC reports indicate that approximately 12 out of 100 and 13 out of 100 middle school and high students are involved in tobacco use (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019). Poor health education about the adverse impacts of tobacco use exposes this population to diseases such as lung cancer. Healthcare access and education are the health determinants leading to the increased disparity.
The Description of the Characteristics of the Chosen Hypothetical Individuals or Group for the Activity
E-cigarette use is a common practice amongst youths as they use the tobacco products like cigars, hookah, regular cigarettes, and chewing or smoking tobacco. The presence of nicotine in e-cigarettes exposes individuals to risks of addiction. One of the critical features of young adults or teenagers is the peer group. Healthy People, 2030 report shows that social and environmental factors motivate the ongoing behaviors of vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking (Abrampah et al., 2018). The peer pressure from close friends exposes youths to experimentation with these substances.
The other key risk of exposure to vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking is poor or low self-esteem. Low self-esteem leads to poor judgment and poor control of life (Abrampah et al., 2018). The lower individual self-esteem appears to be positively linked to the ever-and-present vaping of e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking.
Why is the population predisposed to the health concern or needs and how they can benefit from the health promotion education plan
The peers easily influence the chosen population as they easily get motivated to experiment with the smoking practice. The majority of this population consider the practice of vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking as a way of being independent. Teens are driven to these behaviors due to the increased social interaction with their peers. Other issues like low socioeconomic status, developmental challenges, and race and gender increase the risk of tobacco use (Loan et al., 2019). Other predisposing factors are the environmental, personal, behavioral, and individual current behaviors concerning the smoking habit.
The process of assisting these individuals to overcome the pressure of exposure to vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking requires an effective program. Teenagers can significantly benefit from health promotion education plans such as school-based cessation or prevention programs. This program is crucial since it ensures increased awareness of tobacco use-associated behaviors’ adverse effects. It helps inform the teenagers within the society and the learning institutions concerning how their health is affected by the practice of vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking, for example, reducing the risk of exposure to lung cancer diseases (Mohan et al., 2018). The school-based cessation program ensures that the risk of exposure, such as peer pressure and low self-esteem, is effectively overcome.
The Development of the Sociogram
Various socioeconomic, cultural, and lifestyle factors expose individuals to vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking. A health education plan usually involves the consideration of the socio-environment. The first encounter with tobacco use is usually with friends and family members. Having a family member involved in tobacco use increases the risk of exposure of youths to vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking. Therefore, the socioeconomic aspect is tackled by providing information on the available resources to be used as a guide in dealing with pressure toward experimentation. In this case, youths are informed about some healthy habits, thus giving them an opportunity to choose healthy behaviors to reduce the risk of engaging in vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking and preventing the development of diseases such as lung cancer and other cardiovascular diseases.
SMART Goals
Based on the presented issue of tobacco use, the specific goal is focused on helping teenagers quit the tobacco use behaviors such as vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking. The time for the attainment of this objective is three months; therefore, it is expected that teenagers will be able to understand the adverse effects, risk of exposure, adoption of healthy habits, and total tobacco use cessation within three months. The youths’ progress will be monitored and assessed to determine whether they are heading in the right direction. The recommended action-oriented is to have a cessation program targeting the stoppage of vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking behaviors (MacLeod, 2019). The program will be designed so that the targeted population meets twice each week and ensures that they stay away from tobacco use practices. The members will be divided into groups to support one another in quitting tobacco use practices.
The individual or the group’s present behaviors and the clear expectations for an educational session as well as the proposal for the individuals to meet the needs of the group
The key concern about the behaviors of this group is reduced self-esteem. The reduced self-esteem makes it hard for teenagers to take control of their lives, and they are poor at making effective judgments. The other behavior is the ease of being exposed to tobacco advertisements. The frequent views or watching of these advertisements exposes them to experimentation. These populations have low levels of education achievement (Loan et al., 2018). The inadequate health education about the harms of tobacco use increases the risk of exposure to vaping e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, and smoking. Other factors are the ease of access, availability of and the cheaper prices of the tobacco, exposure to peers using these products, and the lack of parental support or involvement in guiding their children.
Providing health education is essential in ensuring a reduction in disparity in knowledge about the harms of tobacco use. Health education ensures that individuals are informed about the risk factors of exposure to the disease. The issue of social environment is addressed by health education since it gives individuals the opportunity of making decisions towards supporting their well-being (Loan et al., 2018). The health promotion and education information about the existence of nicotine as a risk factor for their addiction.
References
Abrampah, N. M., Syed, S. B., Hirschhorn, L. R., Nambiar, B., Iqbal, U., Garcia-Elorrio, E. Chattu, V. K., Devnani, M., & Kelley, E. (2018). Quality improvement and emerging global health priorities. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 30(Suppl 1), 59.https://academic.oup.com/intqhc/article/30/suppl_1/5/4980402
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Smoking & Tobacco Use. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/data_statistics/fact_sheets/index.htm
Loan, L. A., Parnell, T. A., Stichler, J. F., Boyle, D. K., Allen, P., VanFosson, C. A., & Barton, A. J. (2018). Call for action: Nurses must play a critical role in enhancing health literacy. Nursing Outlook, 66(1), 97-100.
MacLeod, L. (2012). Making SMART goals smarter. Physician Executive, 38(2), 6870.
Mohan, P., Lando, H. A., & Panneer, S. (2018). Assessment of tobacco consumption and control in India. Indian Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9, 1179916118759289. https://doi.org/10.1177/1179916118759289
World Health Organization. (n.d.). Health-promoting schools. https://www.who.int/health-topics/health-promoting-schools
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