Abstract
This paper aims to examine type 2 diabetes from both a scientific and an analytical/mathematical viewpoint, with particular attention paid to the effects of the illness on various organs and systems and the financial burdens it places on society. The paper details the intricate physiological processes—involving the endocrine, cardiovascular, neurological, and immunological systems—that contribute to these effects. Financial repercussions of type 2 diabetes are also examined in this paper. This includes medical care and treatment expenditures, diabetes-related consumables, and lost productivity, both direct and direct costs. The paper stresses the significance of maintaining frequent medical checkups and stable blood sugar levels in avoiding or delaying the onset of problems associated with type 2 diabetes. It further aims to scrutinize the disease from an ethical and cultural vantage point, with particular attention paid to the rules that regulate the disease and their effect on a patient’s ability to get care and treatment. The paper explains how the ACA and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) are helping to expand access to medical care for individuals with Type 2 diabetes. The report also analyzes state-level efforts, and legislation passed intending to expand access to treatment for persons who suffer from the illness. The paper describes some of the challenges people face when trying to get healthcare, including the high cost of treatment and a lack of qualified medical professionals, as well as some of the programs and policies already in place to address these issues. The Veteran Association is also mentioned as a support system for veterans ailing from the condition. The paper discusses the societal and cultural effects of Type 2 diabetes, emphasizing the Western world and low- and middle-income nations. This paper mentions how certain civilizations are more likely to contract type 2 diabetes due to cultural and lifestyle variables. Finally, the paper discusses potential approaches to treating and controlling the disease.
Introduction
Hyperglycemia, or preeminent blood glucose intensities, is a cause of type 2 diabetes, a long-term illness. It happens when the pancreas cannot generate enough of the hormone insulin, which controls blood sugar, or when the body develops insulin resistance. Being overweight, having a diabetes-related family history, and living a sedentary lifestyle are all risk factors. Increased thirst and hunger, urine frequency, weariness, and impaired wound healing are among the symptoms. Diet, exercise, and medication changes may help control the condition. Heart disease, stroke, renal failure, and nerve damage are some consequences that may result from untreated type 2 diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy are just a few products that may arise from the disease’s effects on the body’s numerous systems. The endocrine, circulatory, neurological, and immunological systems all play a role in these effects. The direct expenses of medical care and treatment, diabetes-related consumables, and the indirect costs of lost work and lower productivity significantly impact people, families, and society due to type 2 diabetes. Several legislation and guidelines have been implemented to guarantee that people with Type 2 diabetes may get the treatment they need. Healthcare access for all Americans has been expanded by passing laws like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Medicare’s Diabetes Prevention Program (MDPP) and Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) are examples of federal and state programs that try to improve patient’s access to care for the disease. However, despite these regulations and programs, there are still obstacles to receiving care and treatment, especially for low-income persons in rural regions. Middle- and low-income countries, as well as Western and Middle Eastern people, are disproportionately afflicted by Type 2 diabetes. Metformin is widely used as a medication for this disease. Thiazolidinediones or glitazones are another class of medications used to treat type 2 diabetes. These medications aid blood sugar regulation by increasing insulin sensitivity and lowering insulin resistance. However, they can raise blood pressure and water retention risks.
Scientific Inquiry
Body Parts affected by Type 2 Diabetes
The inability to properly use glucose, the body’s primary source of cellular metabolism, lies at the heart of type 2 diabetes, a chronic disease with far-reaching consequences. High blood sugar levels are associated with a wide range of health problems because of the harm they may do to the body over time. Individuals who have type 2 diabetes often have complications related to their eyes. Diabetic retinopathy occurs when blood capillaries in the retina are damaged due to high blood sugar levels. If neglected, this may result in impaired eyesight or total blindness, according to Daryabor et al. (2020). The course of diabetic retinopathy may be halted or at least slowed with regular eye examinations and good blood sugar management.
Moreover, type 2 diabetes may damage the kidneys, another vital organ. Diabetic nephropathy develops when capillaries in the kidneys are damaged due to high blood sugar. Because of this, dialysis or a kidney transplant may become necessary. Diabetic nephropathy may be avoided, or its development slowed with strict blood sugar management and routine monitoring of kidney function. Type 2 diabetes may potentially damage the nerves. Diabetic neuropathy is a disorder in which impairment of the nerves is caused by high blood sugar levels (Daryabor et al., 2020). Symptoms include tingling, numbness, and discomfort in the limbs. Because patients with diabetic neuropathy might not be able to experience pain or other impulses in their feet, this may increase the likelihood of foot injuries and illnesses. Diabetic neuropathy may be prevented or slowed by regular foot examinations and good blood sugar management.
Type 2 diabetes has additional effects on the cardiovascular system, particularly the heart and the blood arteries. Damage to the blood arteries caused by high blood sugar levels is associated with improved cardiovascular illness and stroke risk. The danger of heart disease increases in individuals with type 2 diabetes because of their heightened susceptibility to hypertension. Carpenter et al. (2019) posit that individuals with the disease may lower their danger of cardiac disease and stroke by sustaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and consuming a balanced diet.
The Specific Physiological Mechanisms and Processes That Lead to The Effects on the Different Body Systems in Individuals Having Type 2 Diabetes
High blood glucose intensities are related to a wide range of health issues because of the wear and tear they place on the body over time. It is difficult and time-consuming to isolate the specific physiological processes and systems contributing to these effects. The endocrine system is a significant contributor to the adverse effects of type 2 diabetes on the body. Humans’ ability to produce and regulate hormones like insulin is a function of the endocrine system (Eizirik et al., 2020). Over time, increased blood glucose levels may harm the blood vessels and organs, resulting in various problems such as diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy.
Type 2 diabetes affects the body in several ways, and the cardiovascular system is a significant contributor. Atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, is a disorder caused by damage to the blood vessels brought on by high blood sugar levels. Heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular issues may be more likely due to this, as Khan et al. (2020) claim.
Type 2 diabetes has adverse effects on the neurological system as well. Damage to the nerves, known as diabetic neuropathy, is a known complication of uncontrolled high blood sugar. Symptoms include tingling, numbness, and discomfort in the extremities. However, oxidative stress, inflammation, and alterations in nerve function are all speculated to have a role in diabetic neuropathy, while the exact roles remain unclear. The immune system is another critical physiological system that contributes to the impacts of type 2 diabetes on the body. The disease may lower the body’s defenses, making those with type 2 diabetes more vulnerable to illness. Some autoimmune disorders, such as autoimmune thyroiditis and celiac disease, may be more likely in people with type 2 diabetes (Galicia-Garcia et al., 2020). It is unclear what exact physiological mechanisms contribute to these elevated risks, although alterations in immune system function and oxidative stress are two likely candidates.
Mathematical/Analytical Inquiry
Economic Issues Involved with Type 2 Diabetes
Affecting one in ten American grownups, type 2 diabetes is costly for people, families, and the economy. Type 2 diabetes may have severe repercussions on a person’s financial security due to various direct and indirect charges. The expense of treatment and medical care is a direct cost associated with having the condition. Most individuals with the disease need continuing medical treatment, such as follow-up appointments with their doctor, blood work, and medication. Those without insurance or with inadequate coverage may find the expense of these procedures prohibitive. Medical costs may skyrocket for those with type 2 diabetes because of the increased likelihood that they will also acquire illnesses like heart disease and renal disease. Blood glucose monitors, test strips, and insulin are just a few examples of diabetes-related equipment and supplies, all of which add up to a significant financial burden for people with type 2 diabetes (Younossi et al., 2020). These expenditures may add up quickly for people who need numerous injections of insulin daily. Diabetic shoes and wound care kits are just a few examples of the specialized equipment that some persons with type 2 diabetes may need to invest in.
However, the actual financial burden of type 2 diabetes often lies in its indirect expenses. Loss of income and diminished earning potential may occur when a person with type 2 diabetes has to miss work or is unable to work because of their disease. Type 2 diabetics have a greater chance of being disabled, which may lead to higher disability insurance premiums and less money put up for retirement. Adverse economic effects of type 2 diabetes on the community are also possible. According to O’Connell et al. (2019), estimates place the annual cost of treating and caring for people with type 2 diabetes in the billions of dollars. Since customers ultimately bear healthcare costs and missed productivity in the form of progressive taxation and the prices of goods and services, this may burden healthcare systems and the economy.
Several monetary issues also arise from having type 2 diabetes. One significant difficulty is that people with type 2 diabetes may experience a decline in their quality of life, which may have repercussions on their social and economic security. The inability to engage in strenuous physical activity may hinder a person’s ability to work and enjoy life while living with type 2 diabetes. Quality of life might suffer due to the resulting decline in social and emotional functioning. The high price tag of treating diabetes-related consequences, including amputations, blindness, and renal failure, is a further financial burden for those with type 2 diabetes. Medical costs and time away from work are only two ways these difficulties add up to a hefty price tag. Additionally, they may lower one’s quality of life, which has repercussions for one’s emotional and material well-being.
Furthermore, depression and other psychological health disorders are more prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes, which may have severe consequences for both physical health and financial security. Due to their deteriorating psychological and physical health, individuals with type 2 diabetes may incur higher expenditures for mental health care and have less earning capacity. Furthermore, the expenses of medical treatment and missed productivity might make it hard for those with type 2 diabetes to break the cycle of poverty. The chance of acquiring type 2 diabetes and other health disorders is increased, which may lead to losing access to good food and secure housing. Costs associated with caring for the anticipated 30 million Americans with type 2 diabetes each year are expected to exceed $200 billion (Alzaid et al., 2021). Both direct and indirect costs are included here.
How Do Direct and Indirect Costs of Type 2 Diabetes Vary by Geography, Demographic, and Healthcare Access
Dependent on factors including population size, healthcare availability, and location, the direct and indirect costs of type 2 diabetes may range widely. Because of these disparities, certain areas and groups may bear a disproportionate share of the cost of caring for people with type 2 diabetes. The direct and indirect financial burdens of type 2 diabetes might vary widely by geography. Individuals who have type 2 diabetes, for instance, may have to pay more for healthcare and diabetes-related supplies and equipment if they live in an area with restricted access to excellent healthcare. They may also have difficulties gaining access to specialists like endocrinologists, which may raise the likelihood of problems and the expense of treatment (O’Connell et al., 2019). Type 2 diabetes is associated with more extraordinary healthcare expenses over time. It may be more prevalent in areas with high air pollution levels or restricted access to good dietary alternatives.
Furthermore, the direct and indirect expenses of type 2 diabetes may be affected by demographic variables. For example, persons living in low-income areas are more likely to acquire type 2 diabetes because they have less access to nutritious food and less chance of participating in risky physical exercise. The quality of life, ability to generate money, and overall cost of care might all take a hit. Type 2 diabetes and its consequences are more common among people of color, which poses a heftier financial burden on communities struggling to recover from other social and economic issues.
The availability of healthcare significantly impacts the direct and indirect expenses of type 2 diabetes. Healthcare and diabetes-related supplies and equipment may be more expensive for those who cannot quickly get high-quality medical care (Alzaid et al., 2021). Complications and additional expenses may be magnified because they may not have ready access to specialists like endocrinologists. The danger of getting the disease and its consequences is greater among those who lack adequate access to health insurance, who may also face increased expenses for medical treatment and lower access to preventative care. Moreover, some groups may have difficulty gaining entry to high-quality healthcare due to language and cultural barriers, leading to increased healthcare expenses and a lack of preventative programs. A person’s capacity to avoid and treat type 2 diabetes may be hindered if they lack access to knowledge on the illness and its management techniques due to low levels of education or literacy.
Additionally, the direct and indirect expenses of type 2 diabetes may be affected by workplace policies and initiatives. Health and wellness initiatives in the workplace, such as incentives to exercise and access to nutritious food, have been shown to minimize the likelihood of getting the disease and its consequences. However, the threat of acquiring the disease and accompanying problems may rise in workplaces with limited access to nutritious food selections, physical exercise opportunities, and supportive health policies, leading to increased expenses for medical treatment and lower productivity. The direct and indirect costs of type 2 diabetes may be affected by socioeconomic variables such as poverty, lack of secure housing, and restricted access to an excellent education. Higher medical expenses and worse quality of life may arise from the increased chance of having type 2 diabetes and its consequences due to these conditions. The economic and health burdens of type 2 diabetes may be alleviated and health outcomes improved by addressing these socioeconomic factors.
Ethical Perspective of Inquiry
Laws That Govern Type 2 Diabetes and How These Laws Affect the Access to Care and Treatment for Those with the Condition
Several rules and regulations regulate the condition to make sure that individuals who are detected with Type 2 diabetes have access to the treatments and care that they require. The Americans with Disabilities Act is among the most significant legislation relevant to people with type 2 diabetes (ADA). The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a piece of federal legislation that forbids discrimination against disabled people in all spheres of public life, particularly jobs, housing, and access to medical treatment. The legislation mandates that companies offer reasonable adjustments for workers with impairments, including those with Type 2 diabetes. According to O’Brien & Brown (2018), businesses must provide their workers flexible working arrangements, more breaks, or other accommodations that enable them to manage their diabetes.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), more often referred to as Obama care, is yet another significant piece of legislation influencing people with type 2 diabetes. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is a piece of legislation passed into law on the federal level to broaden people’s access to medical care. Persons diagnosed with type 2 diabetes are now qualified for health insurance coverage via the marketplace or Medicaid according to the Affordable Care Act (ACA). In addition, the Affordable Care Act mandates that insurance providers pay for specific preventative care, such as blood sugar monitoring supplies, foot checks, and eye exams, for diabetic patients (Myerson et al., 2019). This makes it more likely that people who have type 2 diabetes will have access to the care and treatment they need to manage their illness effectively.
Additionally, federal and state restrictions may make it more difficult for individuals with the disease to get the care and treatment they need. For instance, “mandated benefits” regulations are prevalent in several jurisdictions. These laws oblige insurance companies to provide coverage for various medical treatments to persons with specified medical conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. The passage of this legislation helps guarantee that individuals who are detected with the disease have access to the therapies necessary to manage their illness. These treatments may include insulin injections, oral drugs, and glucose-tracking devices.
Despite these rules, there are still hurdles that prevent people with Type 2 diabetes from accessing care and treatment. For instance, a significant number of people who have Type 2 Diabetes reside in rural areas or in regions where medical professionals are scarce. Because of this, it is challenging for individuals to get the attention and therapy needed to manage their disease. In addition, a significant number of people who have Type 2 Diabetes have poor incomes, and as a result, they are unable to pay for the necessary medical treatments and supplies (Jia et al., 2019). Diabetes care and treatment may come at a significant financial burden, representing a significant obstacle to access for many individuals.
There are several initiatives now underway that aim to expand access to care and treatment for people who have the disease. These programs are designed to assist people with diabetes in conquering the existing access hurdles. Individuals unable to pay for their medical treatment may take advantage of the diabetes management and education programs provided by many community health clinics. These programs are either provided at a reduced cost or completely free of charge. In addition, a large number of healthcare providers are forming partnerships with groups like the American Diabetes Association and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation that deliver financial support to people living with Type 2 diabetes who have little financial resources. Because of these measures, people who have the condition are more likely to have access to the care and medications they need to manage their illness effectively.
People who are at great threat of developing Type 2 diabetes and have prediabetes are the target population for the Medicare Diabetes Prevention Program (MDPP), which is an effort to avoid the disease’s emergence. Beneficiaries of Medicare are eligible to participate in this program and get preventive therapies that may help reduce the threat of acquiring type 2 diabetes. A systematic intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes in patients who indicate prediabetes is being made available by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). This initiative is known as the Medicare Diabetes Prevention Program (MDPP) extended model (Ritchie et al., 2020).
Furthermore, the clinical intervention comprises a minimum of sixteen intensive “core” meetings of a curriculum approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These sessions are delivered over six months in a cohort, classroom-style setting. These sessions offer practical training in long-term nutritional intervention, enhanced physical activity, and behavior modification strategies for weight management. After completing the core sessions, less intense follow-up meetings every month ensure that the participants continue to engage in healthy habits. The reduction of at least 5 percent of total body weight by participants is the primary objective of the enlarged program.
People who are disabled due to type 2 diabetes have another alternative: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI). Individuals with impairments, particularly those with severe Type 2 diabetes, can receive financial assistance via this program. The financial strain that comes with managing this chronic ailment could be reduced. Walker & Roessel (2019) posit that people who cannot work due to specific impairments or medical problems, such as chronic type 2 diabetes, are eligible to receive payments from the SSDI.
Furthermore, payroll taxes for FICA Social Security are what finance SSDI. Workers qualify for SSDI if they have accumulated sufficient labor credits during their working lives. An individual must be below the age of 65 and have what the Social Security Administration (SSA) considers a severe qualifying disability to be eligible for the Supplemental Security Income program. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), responsible for serving veterans, is also dedicated to assisting those with Type 2 diabetes. Veterans with this illness have access to specialist clinics and programs to help them manage their diabetes as part of the comprehensive care and treatment that the VA provides.
Cultural Perspective of Inquiry
Cultures or Societies Most Affected By Type 2 Diabetes
About 80% of people with diabetes live in low and middle-income nations, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). This exemplifies how severely the sickness affects some of the most disadvantaged people on Earth. The Western world is one culture hit hard by the illness, with the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia among the nations with the highest rates of Type 2 Diabetes. The disease disproportionately impacts the Middle Eastern populace (Sohal et al., 2015). Some nations with the highest rates of diabetes include Egypt, Iran, and Saudi Arabia.
In addition, New Zealand, Australia, and Canada’s indigenous individuals are at a better risk of developing the disease. Rates of obesity and diabetes have skyrocketed in these societies as people have switched to Western diets characterized by their heavy consumption of processed foods. Type 2 diabetes also has a disproportionately large impact on the Pacific Islander population. Heavy rates of the illness may be traced back to cultural activities like feasting and high intake of sugar-rich meals in countries like Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa. Type 2 diabetes is also more prevalent in certain racial groups than in others such as Asian Americans, Hispanics, African Americans, and Native Americans (Omodara et al., 2022).
Cultural Aspects That Lead to the Advanced Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Specific Cultures or Societies
In certain civilizations or societies, cultural variables greatly influence the disease’s progressive occurrence. As said earlier, Type 2 Diabetes is quite common in the Western world, which includes nations like the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Numerous cultural influences, such as sedentary lifestyles, unhealthful eating patterns, and large consumption of processed and sugary foods, might be blamed for this. Individuals who live in the West are often more concerned with convenience and efficiency, which leads to a sedentary lifestyle that entails spending much time in front of a computer or TV (Brunetti, 2017). This lack of physical exercise raises the chance of being overweight, a significant danger factor for Type 2 Diabetes when paired with a poor diet.
The extensive accessibility of unhealthy food alternatives is another cultural element contributing to the high disease incidence in the Western world. Fast food, processed meals, and sugary beverages are readily available and often taken in large amounts, which raises calorie consumption and causes weight gain. Huge percentage sizes and excessive food intake are also strongly associated in many Western societies, where they are seen as symbols of success and affluence.
Type 2 Diabetes prevalence in Middle Eastern nations may be related to various cultural aspects, such as unhealthy fat and sugar-heavy diet. In the typical Middle Eastern diet, fatty foods like oils, nuts, and meats are often consumed, along with sugary pastries and sweets. This eating approach raises the risk of being overweight and having Type 2 Diabetes when paired with a sedentary lifestyle. Additionally, the Middle Eastern area has a large population of sedentary people with little access to physical exercise (Omodara et al., 2022). The substantial value placed on hospitality and generosity in many Middle Eastern cultures has led to the custom of providing visitors with copious amounts of food, which adds to overeating and weight gain.
Some cultural factors that may be at play in the high prevalence of the disease in native people of Canada and New Zealand include the introduction of Western diets high in processed foods and sugar to replace traditional indigenous diets. It is typical for indigenous populations to be economically disadvantaged, leaving them with few choices except unhealthy fast food. There has been a shift in eating habits and a simultaneous decline in bodily exercise, both leading to the rising rates of overweight and obesity-related diabetes in these areas (Al-Sahouri et al., 2022). Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa are just a few Pacific Island countries that feel the effects of Type 2 Diabetes’ widespread prevalence. Perhaps this is due to the widespread practice of feasting in many cultures, which involves ingesting many sugary foods and drinks all at once. Due to the high importance placed on hospitality and generosity in many communities, obesity is a common problem.
However, other factors besides culture may account for the increased incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in specific cultural and community contexts. One of these factors is genetics. Some racial and ethnic groups are biologically susceptible to acquiring Type 2 Diabetes due to factors including family history and genetic makeup. There is also the matter of one’s socioeconomic standing (Wu et al., 2014). People who are impoverished or lack access to adequate medical care and healthy food options are more expected to develop the disease because they are more likely to engage in health-damaging activities, including leading a sedentary lifestyle and eating poorly.
Stress may lead to the development of the disease due to its potential to cause hormonal disruptions and alterations in blood sugar levels. Some populations may be more susceptible to the disease because of cultural factors exacerbating stress, such as a fast-paced way of life, financial insecurity, and discrimination. Furthermore, a lack of education and awareness about maintaining a healthy lifestyle and adopting preventative measures may also be to blame for the increasing incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in certain cultures and groups (Wu et al., 2014). Those with fewer resources may not know how to appropriately manage and prevent illness or the risks associated with particular behaviors.
The solution to Type 2 Diabetes
Modifications to one’s way of life and medical treatment are both necessary components of diabetes management for type 2 patients. The maintenance of a diet that is both balanced and healthful is one of the most critical measures in the management of the condition. This involves reducing the consumption of meals high in sugar, carbs, and unhealthy fats, which may increase blood sugar levels. It is essential to prioritize eating a diet abundant in fiber, protein, and healthy fats to maintain a healthy body. The regulation of sugar levels in the blood and the avoidance of complications are possible benefits of this. In addition, maintaining a regular exercise routine is a crucial component of diabetes management in type 2 patients.
Additionally, regular physical activity boosts insulin sensitivity and has the potential to bring blood sugar levels down. Because cardiovascular illness is a prevalent consequence of type 2 diabetes, this may help lower the chance of developing the disease (McGill et al., 2017). Monitoring one’s blood sugar levels consistently and maintaining a good relationship with one’s primary care physician are both essential components of a successful management strategy for type 2 diabetes. Other alterations to one’s way of life, such as giving up smoking and finding healthy ways to cope with stress, are also encouraged. A patient and their healthcare practitioner may collaborate to establish an individualized treatment strategy tailored to the patient’s preferences and way of life.
Metformin, sulfonylureas, and DPP-4 inhibitors may aid in decreasing blood glucose levels by either enhancing insulin sensitivity or stimulating insulin secretion. These effects can be achieved by oral administration. Insulin therapy is another alternative, and it may either be administered by injectable or an insulin pump (C Thomas, 2016). People unable to regulate their blood sugar levels with oral drugs or lifestyle modifications alone are often advised to consider this a possible option. Other treatments, for instance, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) blockers and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor injectors, are also accessible in addition to these drugs. The most effective course of action for someone with type 2 diabetes will rely on their particular medical requirements and circumstances and how they react to various treatments. In addition, it is essential to have routine checkups with the doctor to monitor blood sugar, cholesterol levels, and blood pressure and to look for any warning indications of issues. One’s healthcare practitioner may also suggest checking their eyes and feet and getting blood tests regularly to monitor overall health.
Conclusion
Type 2 diabetes is a long-term illness that affects various body components and systems, such as the eyes, adrenal glands, nerves, heart and blood vessels, cardiovascular system, nervous system, and immune system. It can have significant consequences on an individual’s financial situation. The inability of the body to create enough insulin or react effectively to the insulin produced causes this disorder, which ultimately results in elevated blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes may lead to several complications, such as retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, chronic neuropathy, improved danger of cardiovascular ailment and stroke, and autoimmune illnesses. It is possible for the costs of medical care, therapy, supplies, and equipment to be very high, which may have a considerable effect on a person’s ability to maintain financial stability. Diabetes type 2 is a severe illness, but it is possible to maintain reasonable disease control with the appropriate care and treatment. Thus, it is advised that frequent visits to the doctor, laboratory testing, adequate blood sugar management, a balanced diet, and regular exercise be undertaken to treat type 2 diabetes and its associated effects. People who are diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes are eligible for insurance coverage, preventive care, and financial support due to a variety of pieces of legislation, including the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Affordable Care Act (ACA). However, obstacles still prevent people from getting the necessary care, such as a lack of medical professionals in specific regions and expensive treatment options. People with type 2 diabetes may get assistance through initiatives such as the Medicare Diabetes Prevention Program, Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), and the Department of Veterans Affairs. These services are designed to help people overcome the obstacles listed above. The illness is more common in nations with a moderate income and a poor income, as well as in the inhabitants of the Western world and the Middle East, as well as African Americans and Hispanics. To solve this issue that affects the public’s health, it is essential to maintain efforts to expand access to medical care and treatment for those with type 2 diabetes. Some cultures and communities have an advanced threat of contracting type 2 diabetes than others due to causes including hereditary factors, environmental factors, and lifestyle factors such as leading a sedentary lifestyle, being overweight, and consuming nutritious foods.
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