Introduction
Personality in psychology is closely associated with the influences and thoughts that lead to perceived behaviors in people. The study of psychology in Personality is essential to determine how Personality develops, which uniquely develops how one is influenced towards certain relationships and behaviors. Personality involves various theories that seek to derive based on people’s behaviors. Personality varies across different individuals, and psychology seeks to determine the assessment, diagnosis, and testing of personality traits in people. This is also closely linked with understanding personality disorders, and this allows psychologists to understand effectively how people react in different situations. Different factors contribute to shaping one’s Personality, which may be from upbringing, genetics, and the experiences in life that people have undergone, which form the major basis of Personality in people. Unique characteristics from thoughts and feelings also contribute to the makeup of one’s Personality. Hence, Personality encompasses all thoughts, feelings, and behavioral patterns that people exhibit and how these influence the attitudes that people develop, hence forming individual personalities. Testing for Personality has been used to help people learn more about their personalities through screening tools and evaluation tools used in the diagnosis of personality disorders in people. This is helpful for people to help them understand their personalities and the aspects revolving around their lives. This research paper will evaluate the personality test and the various categories related to Personality. This will give a proper understanding of the purpose of testing in Personality, constructs, skills, and tests based on the area of specialization in Personality.
Purpose for Testing and Content
Personality tests are essential in providing information about a person’s interests, preferences, and motivations when people interact with one another and when presented with different situations. The purpose of testing is to determine the assessment, diagnosis, and testing of personality traits in people. This is also closely linked with understanding personality disorders, and this allows psychologists to effectively understand how people react in different situations (Loewenthal & Lewis, 2020). Another importance is that testing for Personality has been used to help people learn more about their personalities through screening tools and evaluation tools used in the diagnosis of personality disorders in people. This is helpful for people to help them understand their personalities and the aspects revolving around their lives.
In addition, Personality varies across different individuals, and psychology seeks to determine the assessment, diagnosis, and testing of personality traits in people. This is also closely linked to understanding personality disorders, and this allows psychologists to understand effectively how people react in different situations (Ababneh, 2021).
Skills and/or Constructs Assessed Normative Sample
When subjected to various settings, Personality is a psychological construct observed from cognitive and behavioral responses. The assumptions that enable the construct validity represent the phenomenon other than the potential means by which they are measured (Morgeson et al., 2020). The constructs assessed have been used to assess the attributes of personality and dispositional traits (Anglim et al., 2020). The assessed normative sample in Personality from the demographic and the value of the personality test norms is dependent on the norm sample size. The assessed normative sample determines the research from a certain population.
Sampling Procedures
The sampling procedures in Personality enable psychology researchers to get a more representative sample through the use of techniques such as simple random sampling and cluster sampling. The process of sampling involves selecting respondents from observations and determining the survey from the research study. The sampling procedures are essential in psychology to derive information from a larger population. The different types of samples aim to provide recommendations needed in personality disorder research. The sampling procedures assess the Personality of an individual.
Intended Population Test-User Knowledge, Skills, and Training
The intended population in the test involves adolescents and individuals above 18 years of age (Mehta et al., 2020). Personality training is essential since different factors contribute towards shaping one’s Personality, which may be from upbringing, genetics, and the experiences in life that people have undergone, which form the major basis of Personality in people. Unique characteristics from thoughts and feelings also contribute to the makeup of one’s Personality (Cervone & Pervin, 2022). Skills and training develop unique characteristics from thoughts and feelings that also contribute to the makeup of one’s Personality. Hence, Personality encompasses all thoughts, feelings, and behavioral patterns that people exhibit and how these influence the attitudes that people develop, hence forming individual personalities.
Comparisons and Contrasts of the Three Tests
The three selected tests under the specialization of Personality are 16PF – Fifth Edition (16PF 5), the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory (MAPI), and NEO Personality Inventory – 4 (NEO-4).
16PF – Fifth Edition (16PF 5)
The fifth edition test of 16PF involves 185 multiple-choice choices that can be completed within 45 minutes. This questionnaire involves the assessment of Personality based on multiple applications, such as in couples counseling and the provision of vocational guidance and support. It is also used in promotion recommendations. The age range of respondents in the 16pf questionnaire is administered to individuals who are 16 years and older. The 16PF on personality tests measures the preconceived personal traits was introduced to simplify the answer format through the development of new validity scales; hence, the data is more reliable and viable (Cattell et al., 2019).
Notably, one of the benefits of 16pf is that it helps provide information needed for vocational guidance and therapy planning. Another benefit of 16 PF is it effectively identifies the personality factors that may impede the satisfaction of marital compatibility. The 16 PF questionnaire helps identify students with academic, emotional, and social problems that impede their learning processes (Cattell et al., 2019). 16 PF questionnaires offer different reports such as the interpretive and profile reports, a report of couple’s counseling, and a clinical report.
Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory (MAPI)
The Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory integrates two forms, the clinical and the guidance form, which are used to improve mental health in the clinical setting when working with adolescents. The administration of MAPI can be done through a computer, paper, and pencil or online administration. The completion time of MAPI is 30 minutes based on 150 questions based on true and false items.
Moreover, the scale dimensions in MAPI evaluate the personality styles, the behavioral patterns of the adolescents, and the expressed concern in Personality. The self-report measure assesses adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18, and this assesses their behavioral patterns from the societal pressures and the clinical symptoms in the adolescents (Bhave et al., 2022). One of the benefits of MAPI is that it is used in the diagnosis and provision of treatment plans in clinical, educational, and also in correctional psychology settings. The sample report based on MAPI is the MAPI interpretive report.
NEO Personality Inventory – 4 (NEO-4)
The NEO-4 test provides information based on personality domains such as openness, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, which are used for employee development in the career setting. The purpose of NEO 4 is that it provides a fast four-factor measure of Personality. The test is administered through an e-manual or a paper format with a pencil.
The age consideration for the test is between 18 and 96 years (Furnham, 2022). The time taken to administer the test is 35 minutes, and 5 minutes are used to score. The domains in the test show an individual personality, which can be interpreted at a global factor level. The four domains of the test represent personal styles such as interactions, activity, interest, attitudes, character, and learning. One of the benefits of NEO 4 is that it is multifaceted and hence describes characteristics readily acceptable to the respondent.
Conclusion
Conclusively, personality tests such as 16pf help provide the information needed for vocational guidance and therapy planning. MAPI, another personality test, is used to diagnose and provide treatment plans in clinical, educational, and correctional psychology settings. The NEO-4 test provides information based on personality domains such as openness, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, which are used for employee development in the career setting. Hence, Personality encompasses all thoughts, feelings, and behavioral patterns that people exhibit and how these influence the attitudes that people develop, hence forming individual personalities.
References
Cattell, H. E., & Schuerger, J. M. (2019). Essentials of 16PF assessment (Vol. 40). John Wiley & Sons. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=4bzPDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP11&dq=16PF+-+Fifth+Edition+(16PF+5)&ots=zyRoliAN4O&sig=eGEApeF0SQUsUvoHj_ybsiHIpEQ
Bhave, S. Y., Sovani, A. V., & Shah, S. R. (2022). Role of Psychologist in Adolescent Medicine: An International Perspective. Pediatric Clinics, 69(5), 847-864. https://www.pediatric.theclinics.com/article/S0031-3955(22)00049-9/abstract
Furnham, A. (2022). The big five facets and the MBTI: The relationship between the 30 NEO-PI (R) Facets and the four Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) scores. Psychology, 13(10), 1504-1516. https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=120220
Loewenthal, K. M., & Lewis, C. A. (2020). An introduction to psychological tests and scales. Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315561387/introduction-psychological-tests-scales-kate-miriam-loewenthal-christopher-alan-lewis
Mehta, Y., Majumder, N., Gelbukh, A., & Cambria, E. (2020). Recent trends in deep learning based personality detection. Artificial Intelligence Review, 53, 2313-2339. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10462-019-09770-z
Morgeson, F. P., Campion, M. A., Dipboye, R. L., Hollenbeck, J. R., Murphy, K., & Schmitt, N. (2020). Reconsidering the use of personality tests in personnel selection contexts. Personnel psychology, 60(3), 683-729. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00089.x
Ababneh, O. M. A. (2021). How do green HRM practices affect employees’ green behaviors? The role of employee engagement and personality attributes. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 64(7), 1204-1226. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09640568.2020.1814708
Anglim, J., Horwood, S., Smillie, L. D., Marrero, R. J., & Wood, J. K. (2020). Predicting psychological and subjective well-being from Personality: A meta-analysis. Psychological bulletin, 146(4), 279. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2020-03328-001
Cervone, D., & Pervin, L. A. (2022). Personality: Theory and research. John Wiley & Sons. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=bW-VEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=personality&ots=fwEdUu0yYZ&sig=T9gk0nf0UfkbhUgVGAMhTCJZWYY
write