Annotated Bibliography
Broadhurst, R., Peterson, R., Wisnivesky, J. P., Federman, A., Zimmer, S. M., Sharma, S., … & Holguin, F. (2020). Asthma in COVID-19 hospitalizations: an overestimated risk factor? Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 17(12), 1645-1648.
https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1513/AnnalsATS.202006-613RL
Broadhurst et al. (2020) sought to establish whether asthma is a risk factor to covid 19 patients and whether it increases hospitalization. The researchers conducted a thorough analysis of various literature review materials. The results of the study indicated that the likelihood of hospitalization among covid 19 patients who have asthma was actually lower compared to those who had influenza. These findings denote that Asthma does not increase the likelihood of hospitalization among covid 19 patients. This study is particularly important to my research topic since it provides a unique perspective on the effects of asthma on covid 19 patients, particularly on hospitalization rate.
Choi, Y. J., Park, J. Y., Lee, H. S., Suh, J., Song, J. Y., Byun, M. K., … & Park, H. J. (2021). Effect of asthma and asthma medication on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. European Respiratory Journal, 57(3).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32978309/
Choi et al. (2021) showcases the research finding of a study conducted on 7950 covid 19 patients. Out of these 218 of them had an underlying asthmatic condition. The results of the study further revealed that Asthma was not the sole risk factor for hospitalization among Covid 19 patients. Also, the results revealed that covid 19 patients who had asthmatic conditions had a larger hospital bill compared to those who didn’t have asthma due to the constant oral short-acting agonists that the patient is given. This article is an important resource since it displays the effect of Asthma on Covid 19 hospital bills and will greatly aid in my research.
Liu, S., Cao, Y., Du, T., & Zhi, Y. (2021). Prevalence of comorbid asthma and related outcomes in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 9(2), 693-701.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33309934/
Liu et al. (2021) investigated the effects of asthma on Covid 19 patients. The research used a systematic review to analyze 131 studies. The findings of the research indicated that most patients who have Covid 19 also have asthma according to the studies done. The studies presented information from different countries across the globe. Further the results of the study revealed that Covid 19 patients who had asthma were less likely to die compared to Covid 19 patients who did not have asthma. I find this source material to be quite useful in my research since it highlights the effects of asthma on the mortality rate of Covid 19 patients.
Murphy, R. C., Lai, Y., Barrow, K. A., Hamerman, J. A., Lacy-Hulbert, A., Piliponsky, A. M., … & Hallstrand, T. S. (2020). Effects of asthma and human rhinovirus A16 on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors in human airway epithelium. American Journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology, 63(6), 859-863.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7790138/
Murphy et al. (2020) paper examines how the human rhinovirus A16 (HRV-A16) and asthma affect the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entrance factors in the human airway epithelium. Asthma or HRV-A16 infection had no effect on the expression of the SARS-CoV-2 entrance factors ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Nevertheless, compared to non-asthmatic donors, airway epithelial cells from asthmatic donors expressed more neuropilin-1 (NRP1) which is another SARS-CoV-2 entrance factor. Both donors with asthma and those without it had higher NRP1 expression as a result of HRV-A16 infection. According to the study, NRP1 may be a possible target for the creation of fresh treatments aimed at lessening the harshness of COVID-19 results in asthmatic patients. This source material is important in providing a deeper understanding of Covid 19 and asthma.
Song, J., Zeng, M., Wang, H., Qin, C., Hou, H. Y., Sun, Z. Y., … & Liu, Z. (2021). Distinct effects of asthma and COPD comorbidity on disease expression and outcome in patients with COVID‐19. Allergy, 76(2), 483-496.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32716553/
Song et al. (2021) is a research article that discusses the effects of asthma and COPD on Covid 19 patients. The results of the study revealed that asthma was not a risk factor for Covid 19 patients whereas COPD posed a greater risk factor. Further, the researchers examined various underlying processes that would explain the observed variations between the two groups, such as variations in lung function and inflammatory response. The results emphasized the necessity of managing individuals with COVID-19 and pre-existing respiratory diseases including asthma and COPD on an individual basis. This source is good reference material since it is detailed and informative.
References
Broadhurst, R., Peterson, R., Wisnivesky, J. P., Federman, A., Zimmer, S. M., Sharma, S., … & Holguin, F. (2020). Asthma in COVID-19 hospitalizations: an overestimated risk factor? Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 17(12), 1645-1648.
https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1513/AnnalsATS.202006-613RL
Choi, Y. J., Park, J. Y., Lee, H. S., Suh, J., Song, J. Y., Byun, M. K., … & Park, H. J. (2021). Effect of asthma and asthma medication on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. European Respiratory Journal, 57(3).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32978309/
Liu, S., Cao, Y., Du, T., & Zhi, Y. (2021). Prevalence of comorbid asthma and related outcomes in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 9(2), 693-701.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33309934/
Murphy, R. C., Lai, Y., Barrow, K. A., Hamerman, J. A., Lacy-Hulbert, A., Piliponsky, A. M., … & Hallstrand, T. S. (2020). Effects of asthma and human rhinovirus A16 on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors in human airway epithelium. American Journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology, 63(6), 859-863.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7790138/
Song, J., Zeng, M., Wang, H., Qin, C., Hou, H. Y., Sun, Z. Y., … & Liu, Z. (2021). Distinct effects of asthma and COPD comorbidity on disease expression and outcome in patients with COVID‐19. Allergy, 76(2), 483-496.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32716553/
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