Diabetes is a severe condition that, if not treated properly, can cause fatigue, hunger, and encounters with other severe complications. Patients can practice individualized care for their wellness and health by developing a plan of care that supports improved diabetes disease control. A diabetic care plan may include information on treatment objectives, prescription dosages, blood sugar monitoring, and insulin administration. The author will concentrate on type 2 diabetes mellitus and explain why it was chosen as the topic of discussion. Furthermore, the author will clarify the Healthy People 2030 aim concerning type 2 diabetes and give a thorough care plan. An overview of the first four weeks of care and developing a care plan and approaches for involving medical professionals and relatives in the care process will be included.
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus was chosen as a target because of its enormous impact on death rates in the United States. The Healthy People 2030 goals emphasize the need for individual care in managing the illness, especially for those aged five and up (Wetmore et al., 2017). Regular monitoring, physical activity, smoking cessation, medication adherence, and dietary restrictions are all necessary for effective Management. It is critical to understand the diabetic population’s susceptibility and to give specific care.
Healthy People 2030
Healthy People 2030 aspires to lower the number of fatalities brought on by diabetes and support individualized glycemic control for people with diabetes. Additionally, it emphasizes lowering the number of undetected cases and raising the proportion of daily users of self-blood glucose monitoring. In addition, a comprehensive strategy is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of diabetes therapy (Santana et al., 2021). As a result, nurses take a comprehensive approach to patient-centered care, which is significant. Additionally, having a comprehensive plan of care improves patient therapy. Nurses can also provide patient-centered care, which is essential in providing adequate treatment, patient recovery, and healing. Furthermore, having a holistic approach to treatment necessitates nurses coordinating with the patient’s family and friends. As previously stated, people use the autonomy principle to judge diagnosis confirmation and patient care—nonetheless, coping strategies and considering the patients’ worries result in an effective care plan.
Care Plan
Diabetic patient is thrilled to live a healthy life when they learn how to manage their ailment and receive quality care. For instance, BT, who was told she had diabetes mellitus, has struggled to control and manage her illness. But as part of her therapy, she must undergo routine eye exams to identify any vision issues brought on by her diabetes. She also needs much help from her family, especially regarding eating and ensuring a healthy food plan supporting her care (Almutairi et al., 2020). She must also accept the diagnosis as the first stage of healing and recovery, which will help her start therapy before the problem worsens. Finally, BT needs specific skills, particularly the ability to intervene emotionally, for her medical condition management to be successful.
Week 1 – 4 Summary
In week one, the problem of healthy people with convergent goals in 2030 was recognized. I choose diabetes mellitus as it is a chronic illness linked to high blood sugar levels. The Healthy People 2030 campaign seeks to lower the annual number of people receiving a type 2 diabetes diagnosis (Guzman-Martinez et al., 2020). According to studies, 12.5% of persons with Hispanic heritage report having diabetes, making them more susceptible to developing the disease. According to Lee et al. (2020), there are roughly 30 million diabetics in the US. If the condition is not managed, the patient is at risk of developing concurrent conditions such as bladder cancer, overweight and obesity, blindness, breathing problems, foot amputation, and CVD. Diabetes type 2 Mellitus has also harmed the country’s health because it is one of the conditions leading to an increase in hospital admissions and disability, which has led to an increase in healthcare spending of nearly $237 billion (Lee et al., 2021). Finally, a questionnaire was developed to improve care quality.
Responses were written in week two following the questionnaire created in week 1. BT needs family assistance to change her diet, according to the feedback, as she has said that she eats predominantly foods that are very heavy in fat. She hasn’t been exercising consistently, so her condition is worsening. Additionally, contrary to expectations, she has yet to routinely monitor her blood glucose levels, raising concerns about her health. She added that listening to music has helped her deal with her stress because she is the family provider, and her stress levels have increased. Therefore, this answer should be the main focus of her care strategy.
The information interpretation for the third week was acquired in week two. According to Almutairi et al. (2020), BT support concerns were listed from most important to least important, starting with eye exams, foot exams to check for diabetes comorbidities, physical activity to lower cholesterol, refraining from eating foods high in calories, and the need for a counselor with expertise in advising on the importance of drug prescription adherence. It highlighted how nurses could act as advocates for patients and help diagnoses be accepted to support patient welfare. In addition to encouraging patients to live positively even after a diabetes diagnosis, nurse advocacy helps examine the compound health setup.
Week 4’s focus was on readily accessible resources for diabetic patients. These resources help patients get in touch with doctors and other diabetic patients. Some examples of these resources are the DMC, American Diabetes Association, and Phoebe Putney Memorial (Buse et al., 2020). These materials help diabetic patients learn about diet, healthy lifestyle choices, and diabetes care. Although there is no cost to join these platforms, there are some resources where membership fees of a modest amount are necessary.
Nursing Diagnoses
One of the diagnoses is improper blood sugar level monitoring. As suggested, BT does not follow a healthy diet because she enjoys foods high in carotenoids. Patients with diabetes are advised to limit their intake of junk food since it replaces nutrients that the body would otherwise consume. She doesn’t exercise, which is a problem that causes fat and the condition to get worse.
Data Evaluation
Subjective
According to the interview, BT does not maintain a healthy diet as advised. This is because BT enjoys fast food despite the adverse effects and knowledge of doing so. Therefore, she must be aware of her diet and have an eating schedule to manage her weight and general wellness.
Objective
BT has been battling her ailment for a while, but she can still not control it. She has been unknowingly experiencing high and low blood glucose levels because she hardly checks her blood sugar levels. She is not proficient enough in understanding the relevance of the s blood sugar tracking.
Interview Results
BT takes metformin since she has type 2 diabetes mellitus, the interview’s primary focus. A while back, she was hospitalized because of low blood glucose levels. She was also diagnosed with renal diabetes disorder and diabetes problems (Hemmingsen, 2021). Her primary challenges include managing her disorder, adjusting her nutrition, engaging in the advised exercise regimen, getting regular blood glucose readings, and exercising under control. She is distressed about her state.
Desired Results
The suitable diabetic diet’s relevance needs to be clarified for BT. Using a glucometer at least four times daily, her nurse should evaluate how BT monitors her blood sugar levels and offer advice on how often she should do so. She must also work out regularly and receive a dietician’s diet plan.
Actions and Interventions
Managing blood glucose levels through physical activity and a healthy diet is the first step. Additionally, BT needs to make an appointment with a dietitian to develop a better eating plan for diabetics that will help maintain healthy blood sugar levels. Vegetables are going to be a big part of the menu. Additionally, Hemmingsen 20221 notes that she needs much information regarding how frequently she must check the predominant blood glucose levels. To assist BT in improving her disease, her family must also be trained to use a glucometer and analyze the readings. Additionally, BT mandates that participants learn the indicators of low and high blood sugar levels and how to perform interventions in such situations. Last but not least, as the condition can run in families and to assess the family’s health.
Patient Outcomes Assessment
Before the examination can start, whether the patient’s blood glucose levels are abnormal or standard must be established, and the patient’s medication, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels must also be evaluated. If the patient’s weight drops, the caregiver may also start treatment. The patient’s outcomes are evaluated based on whether their blood glucose levels fall within the normal range (Pirbaglou et al., 2018). Finally, the focus of the evaluation can also be on the patient’s compliance with the suggested diet and whether BT is having any difficulties transitioning to the proper diet.
Caregiver Strategies of Care Plan
Delivering care assistance to patients with chronic illnesses is one of the plans. The caregiver must fully understand the patient’s position and condition to assist the patient in developing individualized care plans and managing her medical condition. For instance, healthcare professionals must offer patients individualized attention to encourage them to adopt a healthy diet (Pirbaglou et al., 2018). In BT’s case, she and the caregiver must provide care and hunt up additional diabetic information.
Conclusion
One of the illnesses that impair people’s lives in the US is diabetes. Therefore, controlling the condition requires a variety of therapy modalities. The patient may take the initiative to improve her well-being through exercise, a balanced diet, and blood sugar level checks. The Healthy People 2030 aims to lessen the burden that diabetes places on its sufferers. The patient must also know the coping mechanisms necessary for managing their diabetes.
References
Almutairi, N., Hosseinzadeh, H., & Gopaldasani, V. (2020). The effectiveness of patient activation intervention on type 2 diabetes mellitus glycemic control and self-management behaviors: A systematic review of RCTs. Primary Care Diabetes, 14(1), 12–20. https://doi-org.su.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2019.08.009
Buse, J. B., Wexler, D. J., Tsapas, A., Rossing, P., Mingrone, G., Mathieu, C., D’Alessio, D. A., & Davies, M. J. (2020). Correction to: 2019 update to Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2018. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetologia, 63(8), 1667. https://doi-org.su.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s00125-020-05151-2
Guzman-Martinez, A. M., Garcia-Rodriguez, O., Ramos-Melendez, E. O., Guerrios-Rivera, L., & Rodriguez-Ortiz, P. (2020). Morbidity and mortality of Hispanic trauma patients with diabetes mellitus. European Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery, 46(4), 887–893. https://doi-org.su.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s00068-018-1047-z
Hemmingsen, B. (2021). Diet, physical activity, or both for preventing or delaying type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 12.
Lee, K.-C., Chung, K.-C., Chen, H.-H., Cheng, K.-C., Wu, K.-L., Song, L.-C., & Hu, W.-H. (2020). The Impact of Comorbid Diabetes on Short-Term Postoperative Outcomes in Stage I/II Colon Cancer Patients Undergoing Open Colectomy. BioMed Research International, 1–11. https://doi-org.su.idm.oclc.org/10.1155/2020/2716395
Pirbaglou, M., Motamed, M., Pludwinski, S., Katz, J., Ritvo, P., & Walker, K. (2018). Personal Health Coaching as a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Self-Management Strategy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. American Journal of Health Promotion, 32(7), 1613–1626.
Santana, S., Brach, C., Harris, L., Ochiai, E., Blakey, C., Bevington, F., Kleinman, D., & Pronk, N. (2021). Updating health literacy for healthy people 2030: Defining its importance for a new decade in public health. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 27(Supplement 6), S258-S264. https://doi.org/10.1097/phh.0000000000001324
Wetmore, J. B., Liu, J., Li, S., Hu, Y., Peng, Y., Gilbertson, D. T., & Collins, A. J. (2017). The Healthy People 2020 Objectives for Kidney Disease: How Far Have We Come, and Where Do We Need to Go? Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 12(1), 200–209. https://doi-org.su.idm.oclc.org/10.2215/CJN.04210416
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