Usman, M., Ma, Z., Wasif Zafar, M., Haseeb, A., & Ashraf, R. U. (2019). Are air pollution, economic and non-economic factors associated with per capita health expenditures? Evidence from emerging economies. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(11), 1967.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/11/1967
Usman et al. (2019) found that Carbon (iv) oxide (CO2) production, the index of environment, and financial and non-aspects are reviewed in this article. In rising countries, governments and public healthcare officials face a significant problem due to the fast rise in healthcare costs caused by overall environmental degradation, extensive economic activity, and other social variables. According to the authors, air pollution is the primary social and ecological cost. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most common greenhouse gas (GHG) in the air causing environmental damage and endangering public health. I believe this journal provides excellent information that ties air pollution and healthcare in a seemingly endless circle in which air pollution increases healthcare cost and healthcare increase air pollution because of it’s release of greenhouse gases. I think this can tie will tie well with my presentation.
Slama, A., Śliwczyński, A., Woźnica, J., Zdrolik, M., Wiśnicki, B., Kubajek, J., … & Franek, E. (2019). Impact of air pollution on hospital admissions with a focus on respiratory diseases: a time-series multi-city analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(17), 16998-17009. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-019-04781-3
Slama and colleagues (2019) argue that it is well accepted that air pollution harms human health. Salma et al., 2019 points out that studies conducted around the world have found links between rising pollution levels and various diseases, including asthma, increased COPD exacerbations, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases—including stroke—in the respiratory tract. Air pollution is harming people’s respiratory systems, as seen by the rise in hospitalizations. I think this article can be of great use if compared to another article that explains how an increase in air pollution is increases in hospitalization. Which thus increases air pollution because of the need for more hospitals.
Cheung, C. W., He, G., & Pan, Y. (2020). Mitigating the air pollution effect? The remarkable decline in the pollution-mortality relationship in Hong Kong. Journal of environmental economics and management, 101, 102316. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069620300395
Because the effects of pollution on vulnerable people are more severe in places without a hospital with Accident and Emergency services, Cheung et al. (2020) emphasizes the need for immediate medical attention in averting pollution-related mortality. There are several other possibilities, such as smoking, a non-linear dose-response, and avoidance behavior. A well-established medical system may mitigate the immediate health effects of air pollution. As the authors pointed out, those who have quick access to medical treatment in case of an emergency are less vulnerable to the impact of air pollution. This article provides correlations between areas that have hospitals and those that do not. These correlations significantly impact how care is provided to vulnerable people affected by air pollution. I can use this as a medium to possibly compare and contrast how the air pollution is significantly higher or lower in areas that have hospitals in my presentation
Coccia, M. (2021). High health expenditures and low exposure of population to air pollution as critical factors that can reduce fatality rate in COVID-19 pandemic crisis: a global analysis. Environmental Research, 199, 111339. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935121006332
According to Coccia (2021), it is possible to reduce the number of people who die from infectious diseases in society, according to Coccia, via planning for the healthcare sector and the environment. Considering that a significant part of the population is above the age of sixty-five, the authors believe that high health expenditures may be helpful in terms of decreasing disease mortality in the future. This article provides excellent information in regards to what is currently happening in the environment now. I can use this as a means to explain how because air pollution is the cause of many respiratory illnesses such as COVID-19, which increases hospital admission, all the while increasing greenhouse emission. Thus, causing a revolving door effect between the two. I believe this can also be a great article to use as a way to provide conclusive evidence on how air pollution and healthcare work hand in hand.
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