Introduction
Life and death are complicated matters, especially for human beings. People have different opinions and arguments over living and dying. According to research at the University of Virginia, a specific section of people agree that life can be cut short when there is a need to relieve pain or just let the soul rest in peace. Other people in the world are rigid, hold on that life is precious and should be respected every time. Most health service providers are encountering the most challenging moments in the profession, given the fact many opinions on physician-assisted suicide are divided. Human activists, especially from the Netherlands, Canada, and the United States of America, oppose assisted death programs. Death acts such as Physician-assisted suicide refer to a medical practice where the doctor prescribes or initiates a suicide act for a patient, especially when the sick respond less to medication. Euthanasia is another terminology that refers to the direct intention to facilitate death. Physician-assisted suicide was first witnessed in Oregon in 1997 before happening in other parts of the world. Therefore this paper focuses on technical aspects, public policies, current arguments, opinions of physician-assisted suicide.
Technical Aspects in Physician-Assisted Suicide
The topic end of life-physician assisted suicide has more technical content about medication and scientific information. Physician-assisted suicide, in technical terms, must involve two parties, the physician and the sick (Stahl,2021). the suicidal act has cause and effect; the physician initiates the cause while the patient gets the impact equivalent to death. Medications offered are based on lethal doses whose aim or reaction is to stimulate and neutralize the active cells. Patients who are affected psychologically are always at the forefront in taking actions such as overdosing that combine and react to eliminate life. Various scientific research has been conducted to get opinions about the measure and validity of physician-assisted suicide. Theories such as classic grounded are essential for collecting personal feelings and arguments. Data collection involves qualified physicians, nurses, and health practices planners from different states worldwide. An inductive approach is considered when analyzing data using computers to get accurate results on other stands by people. Therefore, technical aspects involving medical information and scientific data about physician-assisted are diverse and require more scientific research.
Public Policy Debates on Physician-Assisted Suicide
Over time, different debates enable people to reach a specific agreement; for example, laws are enacted through discussion in national parliaments. Similarly, diverse opinions and arguments are considered in establishing formidable health practices in other sectors such as health departments. Debates are fruitful and must be allowed all over for more information to be discovered and considered.
Different public policy debate surrounds physician-assisted suicide. Currently, there are proposed public policies or laws over ending life initiated by physicians. Most Public debates agree that every patient or sick person should be given enough time and freedom to die if it is a matter of dying and should be left to recover if they can successfully soldier in life. Both agreeing and disagreeing debate on death policies base the ideas on compassion, dignity, value, and negative or positive implications of forced death. Various public laws suggest that allowing physicians to facilitate suicide has more negative impacts than positive effects; therefore, physician aided death must come to a halt with immediate effect. Doctors’ involvement in direct planned acts contradicts society’s expectations and terms doctors as immoral or guilty. Laws and policy expectations from the public on ways physicians must handle patients in a comma include; Physician must abide by sick person’s self-decision and stand Must ensure clear communication between a patient and a physician. There should be emotional support for the psychologically affected patients.
Doctors must be competent to provide enough care or support when in extreme pain. Physicians have no authority to leave behind sick persons if there is no hope for life. Public debates also agree that physicians’ ethical values and discipline must extend to all patients regardless of illness or family background. Integrity must be prioritized when handling patients, especially in critical situations. Other agreed policies demand doctors give in or refuse to participate in the act based on persona awareness without the interference of the doctor’s profession. Correct and up-to-date scientific and technological equipment such as Ct scans x-rays is a must in delivering medical services. Therefore this paragraph has coined ideas on public expectations and policies regarding physician-assisted suicide. The next paragraph is about the argument for physician-assisted suicide.
Arguments Supporting Physician-assisted Suicide
Arguments exist in human beings’ daily lives. People can agree or disagree based on personal preferences or stands. Arguments should be free from violence and abusive language that may trigger exchange or a fight. Topics to be argued over should be planned and be decided in advance to avoid new and unknown information that may be inevitable to an argument.
Diverse arguments support the physician-assisted suicide act. Peoples’ stands accompany almost daily events that mandate doctors to facilitate patients to take away lives. There is sufficient evidence from British Columbia that in 2016 confirms 1out of 7 physicians was willing to aid patients to commit suicide as soon as possible. (Ho et al., 2021).
According to doctors in support of physician-assisted suicide, patients who deserve to be aided in committing suicide include people suffering from neurological disease, key organ failures such as lungs, heart, kidneys, and dysfunctional brain cells. Some countries in the world have gone to a greater extent of legalizing assisted death acts; a good example is Canada, Colorado, Washing, and Oregon. The laws in Canada officially permitted physician-assisted suicide on June 17 the year 2016. There are agreements that when a person reaches the age of 18 years and above, be autonomous in matters that border health. People can opt for physician aided acts if feelings or attitudes are convincing, especially if the pain is extreme and needs rest. Conditions such as failure of organs many times may resist medication, prompting patients to sign forms demanding doctors to aid in taking away lives instead of waiting for natural death. Another country apart from Canada, the Netherlands, allows physicians to conduct suicide on patients. The year 2002 marked the beginning of physician-aided death in the Netherlands. The reasons qualifying assisted suicide include extreme suffering from untreatable cancer, heart complications, and diverse symptoms. Different arguments in the Netherlands also agree on equalizing self-administered death and physician-aided suicide. Therefore, in summary, this paragraph has presented enough content on reasons agreed through argument how and when physician aide death is allowed.
Arguments against Physician-Assisted Suicide
People in the world are not always equal when agreeing on certain actions. Some matters in life are delicate and, once done, cannot be recovered. Intelligent persons are always evaluating and analyzing deeply into actions regarding positive or negative impacts on the surrounding.
Various arguments have opposed the physician-assisted suicide act. Here in this argument, human life is highly valued; nothing can substitute life. Opinions collected favor the patient side; sick people are equally entitled to living until natural death occurs. Many persons agree that physicians giving in to aid death attempts is immoral, inhuman, and a violation of doctors’ professional ethics that define physician work as healing but not participating in odd acts that take away life. Based on the argument against physician aided suicide, doctors are highly cautioned against exercising and taking part in death execution plans. Whether on training or fully mandated to practice medication, any physician or doctor who has the mentality of aiding patients to commit suicide should immediately leave the service.
The elderly and sick persons from low-income family backgrounds are arguing about opposing this physician aided act since there are high chances of elderly persons being targeted more than healthy living, energetic people. The following are reasons for the arguments against physician aided death acts. Taking away life initiated by physicians jeopardizes the attempts to modernize palliative patient care services since aided suicide is a shortcut in the completion of medication. Discrimination is also witnessed between doctors willing to assist in the death act and patients who are not willing (Kusmaul, Cheon & Gibson,2021). The other reason stopping physician aided death is that the most vulnerable will be a great target, and life is taken for granted. Therefore various opinions counter or disagree with physician-aided death practices.
Opinions
Personal opinions ought to be respected by all people regardless of economic muscles, social background, and political stands. Freedom of expression allows people to say what is right and wrong based on inner feelings and status—respecting people’s choices and decisions based on opinions results in an all-way round society that considers diverse views.
Based on personal opinions, physician-assisted suicide is timeless and very important to all persons wishing to be informed of controversial matters in a human being’s life system. The topic is significant since there are a sense and promotion of valid arguments that, when taken seriously, can trigger a key understanding of human beings and life in its totality. The topic, though may have cons such as undervaluing of vulnerable persons, health care services, families, or relative to patients, the argument still has positive or advantageous sides such as cutting off extreme pain to patients, substituting medical expenses with death, enhancement of physicians autonomy on patients health. All in all, arguments are discussed concerning the topic of Physician-assisted suicide; my stand remains that the act of ending life must remain practice at all costs, this is because if weighing the advantages and disadvantages is done, simple the advantages outweigh disadvantages in excess. Physician-assisted suicide relieves extreme suffering and pain on patients and relatives or family members.
Conclusion
This outline template, in good faith, has presented what most people are yearning to hear, value contribute, induce or deduct concerning life issues such as self-death administration and physician-assisted suicide. The outline is an amazing outline that presents the positive side of physicians taking part in death acts and has considered the negative side of the aided death act. Therefore, it is common knowledge that all arguments are valid before filtration; it is only fair if people evaluate what is best in life and death issues and make an informed judgment.
References
Ho, A., Norman, J. S., Joolaee, S., Serota, K., Twells, L., & William, L. (2021). How does Medical Assistance in Dying affect end-of-life care planning discussions? Experiences of Canadian multidisciplinary palliative care providers. Palliative Care and Social Practice, 15, 26323524211045996.
Kusmaul, N., Cheon, J. H., & Gibson, A. (2021). A Policy Mapping Analysis of the US Congressional Approach to Medical Aid-in-Dying. OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying, 00302228211043694.
Stahl, D. (2021). Understanding the Voices of Disability Advocates in Physician-Assisted Suicide Debates. Christian bioethics: Non-Ecumenical Studies in Medical Morality, 27(3), 279-297.
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