Part One
Process 1: Vulnerability Scanning
Vulnerability scanning can be used to find security holes in a network, system, or application. This procedure aims to report and find vulnerabilities to be fixed before being used maliciously (Willumsen, 2019). The main indicator of the process include; the number of vulnerabilities discovered and the severity of the vulnerability. Several vulnerabilities discovered reveal how well the scanning procedure worked and any possible security dangers the application or system might face. The security posture of a system or application is increasingly critical the more vulnerabilities are discovered. Vulnerability severity demonstrates how serious the vulnerabilities found during the scanning process are. While some flaws may not affect the system much, others could be critical and constitute a serious risk to the company. It reveals how well the scanning procedure worked and any possible security dangers the application or system might face. The security posture of a system or application is increasingly critical the more vulnerabilities are discovered.
Quality Control: The tool would conduct quality control during the scanning process, checking for false positives, the correctness of the results, and any omissions. Quality Control (QC) would ensure that the assessment scans are thorough and comprehensive and that all vulnerabilities found are appropriately categorized based on severity (Upadhyay, 2020). After the vulnerabilities flaws have been discovered, the control would confirm that they have been fixed. Furthermore, QC would guarantee that the scanner tool is correctly set up and identifies vulnerabilities without producing excessive false positives. The tool’s ability to detect brand-new weaknesses as they are found and be up to date with the most recent security updates would also be confirmed as part of the control procedure. Lastly, QC would ensure that the required corrective steps had been implemented to fix any vulnerabilities found and that they had been properly tested to ensure they had been effectively remedied.
Quality Assurance: QA would take place throughout the whole procedure to ensure that the scanning process is thorough and accurate and adheres to best practices and procedures for vulnerability scanning. Moreover, QA would guarantee that the repair process is efficient and covers all vulnerabilities found (Willumsen, 2019). To reflect emerging security risk threats and best procedures and practices of the industry, the vulnerability scanning method would be updated and reviewed regularly, according to the quality assurance component (Willumsen, 2019).
Process 2: Intrusion Detection
Unauthorized entry to a network or system can be found through intrusion detection. To avoid or reduce potential security breaches, this process’s objective is to find and report them. The quantity, organizational impact and intensity of the occurrences that are found serve as the main intrusion detection indicators of the procedure. These metrics aid in assessing how well the procedure works at spotting and notifying potential security breaches. By monitoring these signs, organizations may strengthen their security protocols and lower the danger of unauthorized users to their systems and networks (Willumsen, 2019).
Quality Control: The software would do quality control during intrusion detection, checking for false positives, the correctness of the results, and any exclusions. QC would verify that the intrusion detection system is set up correctly and identifies any potential security breaches (Fraser, 2021). The control also would confirm that any remedial measures have been successful and that the flagged incidents have been thoroughly examined. In addition, Quality control would ensure that the detection intrusion system is fully compatible with the most recent security updates and patches, confirming the accuracy of results and spotting any security breaches. By doing so, the probability of false alarms would be lower and new vulnerabilities would not be as likely to be exploited. Quality control would also guarantee that the detection intrusion system is correctly linked with other protection tools and procedures to deliver a comprehensive and efficient security solution.
Quality Assurance: The goal of quality assurance (QA) is to ensure the intrusion detection procedure is thorough and accurate and adheres to best practices and procedures for intrusion detection across the entire process. QA also would guarantee the repair procedure’s effectiveness and that all security incidents were addressed (Wee, 2019). The quality assurance component would confirm that the intrusion detection procedure is routinely evaluated and modified to consider new security risks and accepted business practices.
Part II
Risk Management
The process of locating, evaluating, and controlling possible risks that can adversely affect an organization’s goals is known as risk management. It entails assessing risks, creating mitigation or avoidance tactics, and monitoring and evaluating the efficacy of these measures (Wee, 2019).
Risk Assessments
A vital part of risk management is risk assessment. This entails detecting and assessing possible risks to a company and determining each risk’s possibility and repercussions. The development of strategies for risk management is then done using this knowledge (Upadhyay, 2020).
Importance of Risk Management
The ability to proactively manage and identify risks, lessen the possibility and impact of unfavourable events, and ensure that goals can be met sustainably and securely are all benefits of risk management. Organizations that effectively manage risk can preserve their assets and reputation, comply with regulatory obligations, and enhance the process of decision-making (Willumsen, 2019).
Risk Control Strategies
Risk management techniques help a business reduce or manage potential hazards. Risk termination and acceptance are often risk management techniques (Willumsen, 2019).
Risk Acceptance: Understanding the risk and potential repercussions is a key component of risk acceptance as a control method (Willumsen, 2019). This tactic is frequently employed when the hazard or risk is modest or when the expense associated with risk acceptance would be greater than the expense of risk mitigation. Additionally, organizations may take the risk if they have enough safeguards to mitigate or lessen its effects.
Risk Termination: A strategy of risk control known as risk termination is a management tactic that entails completely removing the risk (Upadhyay, 2020). This tactic is frequently employed when the possible risk’s repercussions are severe or if the expense of mitigating the risk is minimal than the possible losses the hazard or risk could cause (Fraser, 2021). Avoidance, minimization, and transfer are a few strategies that can be used to end a risk.
IT Audits
The efficiency, effectiveness, and security of information technology systems of an organization and operations are assessed through IT audits. IT can assist businesses in identifying possible risks and weaknesses in their IT infrastructure, confirming compliance with legal obligations, and enhancing overall management and IT governance (Upadhyay, 2020).
IT Auditing in Governance Cyber Security
An essential part of the governance of cyber security is IT audits. They support businesses in evaluating the efficiency of security policies and procedures, locating weak points and weaknesses in their systems of IT, and ensuring compliance requirements (Willumsen, 2019). Organizations may limit the risk of intrusions, secure sensitive information from unauthorized exposure and access, and actively detect and address possible security hazards and weaknesses by regularly conducting IT audits. Moreover, IT audits are utilized to spot problems and recommend fixes by confirming that security procedures and controls are working correctly (Upadhyay, 2020). The integrity and security of an information technology systems of an organization and data are generally ensured through IT audits, which are crucial instruments for sustaining effective cyber security governance.
References
Fraser, J. R., Quail, R., & Simkins, B. (Eds.). (2021). Enterprise risk management: Today’s leading research and best practices for tomorrow’s executives. John Wiley & Sons.
Upadhyay, D., & Sampalli, S. (2020). SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems: Vulnerability assessment and security recommendations. Computers & securitySecurity, p. 89, 101666.
Wee, S. Y., Aris, A. Z., Yusoff, F. M., & Praveena, S. M. (2019). Occurrence and risk assessment of multiclass endocrine disrupting compounds in an urban tropical river and a proposed risk management and monitoring framework. Science of the Total Environment, 671, 431-442.
Willumsen, P., Oehmen, J., Stingl, V., & Geraldi, J. (2019). Value creation through project risk management. International Journal of Project Management, 37(5), 731-749.
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