Artificial Intelligence can be traced back 1950s, when Minsky and McCarthy first defined it as a task undertaken by a machine while mimicking human intelligence (Marr). Many scientists and organizations have defined AI differently. For example, the English Oxford Living Dictionary justifies artificial intelligence as “The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages.” (Marr). Merriam-Webster defines AI as the “branch of science dealing with the simulation of intelligent behaviour in computers or the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behaviour.” According to IBM Company, AI is a combination of computer science and databases to help in solving emerging problems. A researcher from Google has linked AI to a system’s ability to adapt to new environments.
In modern days, AI has been associated with human intelligence in the following areas: planning, problem-solving, manipulation, perception, reasoning, and motions. It has also been associated with social intelligence and innovations, thus enabling people in the community to interact effectively (Marr). It has been used in managing businesses, virtual assistants, manufacturing and production, self-driving cars, warehouse and logistic supply chain, security surveillance, and autonomous flying. This clearly illustrates how AI has been incorporated in almost every aspect of human operation.
Applications and advantages of AI in business and software used
Organizations have incorporated AI technologies to benefit them in different ways. For example, organizations have used AI for process automation. according to PwC report, businesses use AI to facilitate data transfer from e-mail or a call centre to a recording system without manually recording them. Under process automation, financial institutions such as banks replace lost ATMs or credit cards using AI technology that analyzes and updates data from multiple systems as per the client.
AI has also been used to provide cognitive insight into an organization’s progress, customer needs, and future predictions. For example, AI is used to identify credit frauds and insurance claim fraud in real-time to enable the management to take necessary systems (Marr). First, the system analyses big data collected to make predictions. Using AI in businesses saves time and money and increases productivity and operations efficiency (Marr). As indicated, process automation increases output accuracy, speed, and quality.
There are various artificial intelligence software in the market, including Cortana, IBM Watson, Infosys Nia, Google Assistance, Amazon Alexa, and H2O AI. Amazon Alexa works the same as Cortana, a virtual assistance tool used to run various applications. IBM Watson works as a question and answers tool, and it operates in the SUSE Linux Servers framework. The software has different applications and efficiencies in its area of execution.
Company using AI
Amazon has incorporated the use of artificial intelligence in running its operations and determining what customers want to provide product recommendations. By analyzing an individual’s purchasing habits, the company can recommend items or predict what a customer might need. It is the use of AI technology that has made this possible. The company also opened an e-tailer store that allows customers to purchase products without checkouts. The Amazon Go app uses AI technology to track customers’ picks and automatically charges them.
Impact of AI on employment
AI technology impacts the labour industry in many ways: either positively or negatively. Depending on the field of application, it can increase or decrease employment. For example, the implementation of AI technology in the processing industry will reduce job employment, while the implementation of AI in health facilities will increase job employment (PwC). According to the research done by the UK PwC (PricewaterhouseCoopers), the net employment in the health sector will increase because the technology will be used as a complementary to human intelligence but will not be used as a replacement (PwC). Experts will be employed to manage the systems in conjunction with clinicians. Therefore, there is a need for health and social service providers to have AI knowledge to operate the machines. It will also help analyze the data provided to make a better diagnosis.
The use and influence of AI in the legal system
Technological companies have tried to develop systems that will manage the labour industry to provide better, more accurate and faster services. As a result, AI has found itself in the legal profession to support lawyers and clients understand some fundamental issues (Hu and Lu). For example, in 2016, Watson’s AI system, by the name Rose, became the first AI lawyer to be employed by the American law firm to deal with bankruptcy issues (Hu and Lu). In the United Kingdom, a DoNotPay robotic lawyer is used by clients to solve traffic ticket issues (Hu and Lu). This primarily shows how AI has slowly infiltrated the legal system. With the development of technology and the need for efficiency, it is expected that the use of AI in legal firms will increase, thus replacing some professions such as paralegals (Hu and Lu). Although AI could replace the functions of an attorney and paralegals, they need to familiarize themselves with the use of AI technologies and strategy development to enable them to assimilate with the system effectively.
Works Cited
Hu, Teng, and Huafeng Lu. Study on the Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Legal Profession. Atlantis Press, Jan. 2020, pp. 964–68, doi:10.2991/AEBMR.K.191225.184.
Marr, Bernard. “The Key Definitions Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) That Explain Its Importance.” Forbes, 2018, https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/02/14/the-key-definitions-of-artificial-intelligence-ai-that-explain-its-importance/?sh=bf8089d4f5d8.
PwC. “The Potential Impact of Artificial Intelligence on UK Employment and the Demand for Skills.” Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, 2021, p. 113, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1023590/impact-of-ai-on-jobs.pdf.
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