Introduction
This study examines how a celebrity diet affects body weight. Examining diet regimens and weight reduction trends is essential because they are popular. The main research topic is whether the diet program affects participant weight. The dependent-sample t-test will answer this research question. This test is suitable for comparing the means of similar samples. This study will compare pre- and post-diet weight measurements (Gordon et al., 2020). This statistical test can determine if the mean weight change is statistically significant and evaluate the celebrity diet regimen.
This study’s null hypothesis (H0) is that the diet regimen does not affect participants’ weight. Thus, weight changes before and after the training are random. The alternative hypothesis (Ha) states that the diet program significantly affects participants’ weight. The alternate hypothesis suggests that the diet regimen caused weight changes. Symbolically, the hypotheses are:
H0: μd = 0
Ha: μd ≠ 0
The population means weight difference before and after the diet regimen is μd. We can test these hypotheses to see if the diet program affects participants’ body weight or if any changes are due to random variation.
Understanding how the celebrity diet program affects body weight is crucial for weight management and evidence-based healthcare. We can improve weight management expertise and tell people about this diet regimen by doing this research study and analyzing the data using the dependent-sample t-test.
Method
Participants
This study will include 50 people. Celebrity diet program followers will be chosen. The sample will include 25 men and 25 women. 25–45-year-olds will participate.
Selection Process
This study will recruit volunteers. Researchers will advertise at local health clinics and internet platforms for diet program participants. Motivated dieters within the age range will be eligible to participate.
Procedures
Variables
Body Weight: Before and after diet program weight. A 0.1-kg digital scale will measure it. Before and after the diet program, participants will weigh in kilograms.
Time: Before and after the diet regimen. It has two categories: “Before” and “After.”
Dimensions and Qualities
Body Weight: Interval scales assess body weight continuously. Quantitative variables can take any number within a range.
Time: Time is categorical and nominal, signifying distinct levels without order. The categories are “Before” and “After,” representing the two measurement points.
Operational Definitions
Digital scales will measure participants’ body weight. Before and after the diet program, participants will weigh in kilograms. Each participant’s measurement difference will be calculated. Participants will be asked to wear light clothing and remove anything (such as shoes and heavy accessories) that could impact weight measurement accuracy (Gordon et al., 2020). Trained research assistants will take the measures using standardized methods to assure accuracy. To reduce bias, weight measurements will be randomized before and after.
Ethical Considerations
This study will follow ethical criteria to protect participant anonymity. Participants will get informed consent describing the study’s purpose, procedures, and rights. Participants can quit the study without penalty. The applicable institutional review board (IRB) will approve the study to ensure it meets the research institution’s ethical requirements.
Results
This study used the dependent-samples t-test. This test compares mean body weights before and after the diet regimen. This test will reveal mean weight change and statistical significance.
Considering Assumptions
Consider the dependent-samples t-test assumptions before examining the results. Assumptions include
Normality: Weight change should be somewhat regularly distributed. Shapiro-Wilk normality testing can verify this assumption.
Interval/Ratio Scale: This study measures body weight in kilograms, which meets the interval or ratio scale requirement.
Independence: Before-and-after measurements should be independent. Individual weight measurements satisfy this assumption.
Results interpretation
The dependent-sample t-test will reveal important information. T-value, degrees of freedom, p-value, confidence intervals, and effect sizes.
The t-value shows the mean weight difference before and after the diet. Degrees of freedom are paired observations minus one. The mean weight change’s p-value compares to the null hypothesis.
The confidence intervals estimate the actual mean weight change. We are 95% confident that the true mean weight change falls within a 95% confidence interval. Effect sizes like Cohen’s d quantify weight change and standardize the effect (Gordon et al., 2020). The findings are practical.
Considerations and Conclusions
Critical and computed values, p-levels, confidence intervals, and effect sizes will be used to evaluate hypotheses. The diet program significantly affects participants’ body weight if the p-value is smaller than the significance level (for example, α = 0.05).
The effect size will influence the results’ practicality. Larger effect sizes suggest greater weight change from the diet regimen. Practical or clinical significance may not follow statistical significance. A statistically significant result implies that the diet program affects body weight, but other factors should be considered, such as sustainability, side effects, and long-term health results (Diedrichs et al., 2021). This study will examine the celebrity diet program’s effects on body weight using the dependent-sample t-test and statistical values. To conclude, interpreting the results should incorporate statistical and practical importance.
Discussion
Assumptions, biases, and limits
Selection Bias: This study’s participants are volunteers who expressed interest in following the celebrity diet program. As a result, motivated or interested weight reduction participants may be more likely to join (Diedrichs et al., 2021). Thus, the sample may not be typical of the general population, limiting generalizability.
Self-Report Bias: Dieters’ compliance makes the program work. However, social desirability bias and faulty recollection might affect self-reported adherence. This could distort weight change measures.
Lack of Control Group: The study does not include a control group to compare people who follow the celebrity diet program to those who do not (Friedenreich et al., 2021). Due to normal weight fluctuations and lifestyle changes, the lack of a control group makes it difficult to ascribe weight changes purely to the diet program.
Short-Term Effects: The study examines weight changes before and after the diet regimen. The diet program’s weight loss durability and maintenance are not tested. This inhibits long-term program evaluation.
Conclusions and Practical Significance: The dependent-sample t-test results show the statistical significance of weight changes before and after the diet program. The diet program affects weight change if the null hypothesis is rejected and a substantial difference in body weight is discovered.
These findings must be interpreted cautiously. Consider the weight changes’ practicality. The diet program’s weight change, sustainability, side effects, and health results must be considered. This study may shed light on the celebrity diet program’s efficacy. The findings can advise diet program candidates and add to weight control expertise. However, the study’s limitations must be considered before extrapolating the conclusions to the wider population. Future research might include a control group, evaluate long-term outcomes, and use objective measures of adherence and weight change (Friedenreich et al., 2021). Exploring moderators or mediators of the diet program’s success, such as participant characteristics or eating habits, may help explain its effects.
In conclusion, the suggested study examines how a celebrity diet regimen affects body weight, but its limitations and biases must be considered. The celebrity diet program’s long-term efficacy and practical consequences need further study, but the findings will advance weight management science.
References
Diedrichs, P. C., Atkinson, M. J., Garbett, K. M., & Leckie, G. (2021). Evaluating the “dove confident me” five-session body image intervention delivered by teachers in schools: a cluster randomized controlled effectiveness trial. Journal of Adolescent Health, 68(2), 331-341.
Friedenreich, C. M., Ryder‐Burbidge, C., & McNeil, J. (2021). Physical activity, obesity and sedentary behavior in cancer etiology: epidemiologic evidence and biologic mechanisms. Molecular Oncology, 15(3), 790-800.
Gordon, C. S., Rodgers, R. F., Slater, A. E., McLean, S. A., Jarman, H. K., & Paxton, S. J. (2020). A cluster randomized controlled trial of the SoMe social media literacy body image and wellbeing program for adolescent boys and girls: Study protocol. Body Image, pp. 33, 27–37.
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