Stories such as Beowulf and Gilgamesh exhibit the heroic characteristics of their main characters. Nevertheless, each individual possesses a unique personality. In contemporary society, a hero is perceived as an individual who exemplifies traits such as selflessness, courage, honesty, and integrity. Similar characteristics were necessary to be considered a hero 3,000 years ago. Although they differ in some characteristics, Beowulf and Gilgamesh exhibit characteristics that are unique to heroes, even in today’s generation.
Gilgamesh is primarily a leader, whereas Beowulf is mostly a warrior. Beowulf sacrifices his life to protect his people from inevitable destruction and perishes in combat. On the other hand, they are similar to leaders because they are both strong and brave. They both participate in epic, superhuman battles that are impossible for ordinary humans to win. Also, they confront enormous enemies in battle: Beowulf fights Grendel, and Gilgamesh battles Humbaba, the guardian monster. Moreover, they exhibit similar moral beliefs.
The wars described in the two epic poems are typically portrayed with a mythological atmosphere due to the exceptional activities of the protagonists during the fights. The principles in both epics align, highlighting topics like the close relationships between main characters, the bravery of troops, and the recognition and esteem they get. The core of these values is the focus on upholding a reputation for honesty and reliability.
One significant distinction is the depiction of Christianity in the two epic characters, despite their similarities. Beowulf’s story shows more obvious influence from Biblical themes than Gilgamesh’s, yet both stories include religious references. Beowulf requests assistance from God in his fights against Grendel and his mother, praying during his missions. At one instance, he says, ” The Almighty father be thanked for this sight I suffered a long harrowing by Grendel, but the heavenly can work his wonders, always and everywhere” (Mirror 41:16-41:22b) Conversely, Gilgamesh’s voyage, which includes allusions to Noah’s Flood, helps him grow as a more powerful leader and provides him with an engaging story to tell (Sanders 21). Moreover, incorporating biblical stories provides another aspect for comparing the epics with Christianity. Some interpretations suggest that Beowulf can be seen as symbolically similar to Cain from the narrative of Cain and Abel, highlighting the complex relationship between these ancient texts and Christian themes in the epics.
Both of today’s heroes are similar and unique in their ways. Hero Beowulf may be ancient, but he shares many traits with modern heroes like detectives and superheroes. Contemporary values differ from those prevalent throughout the Middle Ages when Beowulf was penned. Superheroes might embody many different characteristics. The hero can be either of two types. Some heroes opt to plunge headfirst into peril, summoning all their moral and physical might to overcome obstacles. Some individuals depend on their intelligence rather than deception and violence. The ancient Greek heroes in the Iliad and the Odyssey exemplify this type of hero. Odysseus depends on cunning and tactics rather than physical might, while Achilles is a formidable warrior with godly strength. These two types of heroes can be found in modern literature. For instance, Batman relies on his intellect and determination as a superhero, while Superman possesses superhuman strength and speed, similar to Beowulf, allowing him to defeat his foes easily. On the other hand, superheroes such as the Hulk and Thor uphold the tradition initiated by Beowulf and Gilgamesh.
Also, some contemporary heroes who adopt Beowulf’s direct method are not solely reliant on physical power. Examples include Luke Skywalker utilizing the Force and Harry Potter practicing wizardry in their films. The confrontation between Gilgamesh and Beowulf and their monsters is similar to those of Superman, and the villains, Luke and Darth Vader, or Harry and Voldemort, share similarities.
Moreover, Beowulf defeats Grendel by pulling the monster’s arm out of its socket, a rather straightforward approach. However, his heroic reputation is based on more than just physical might. He demonstrates moral strength by upholding the rules and beliefs of his community. Beowulf’s boasting is viewed favorably as he solidifies his position as a leader and enhances his reputation in a society where fame is crucial. Additionally, he demonstrates heroism by selflessly donating the majority of his fortune to his disciples (Mirror 44: 46-44:52a). Furthermore, he opposes the dragon, which is considered a villain since it selfishly hoards all the riches (Mirror 27:20-30:00b). Beowulf establishes himself as a hero when he slays the dragon. For what reason? He can face a dragon at his advanced age not due to his toughness but because he is the unofficial leader of his people and is willing to risk his life for them.
Not all epic heroes are male. Although they are epic heroes, women are often marginalized compared to the typical male heroes portrayed in many epics. Conversely, the classic female heroine demonstrates her value and integrity by supporting her male hero. Female protagonists were commonly depicted as heroic due to their virtue, dedication to family, and the development of heroic traits through social withdrawal. The archetypal female heroine embodies the role of a nurturing mother figure. The classic female main character sacrifices all for her salvation and gains excellent importance. Certain female characters are unpopular due to being perceived as promiscuous or excessively self-assured in their sexuality. This happens due to cultural stories emphasizing the significance of virginity and morality in women. Characters perceived as “too feminine” or “too weak” are generally not well-received in action movies and TV programs.
Works Cited
Mirror, Joshua. “Beowulf-Seamus Heaney: Part 2-2” [YouTube]. (April 13, 2012a).https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zsxxg5P-DnY
Mirror, Joshua. “Beowulf-Seamus Heaney: Part1-2” [YouTube]. (April 13, 2012a).https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AaB0trCztM0&t=2626s
Sanders, N.K. “The Epic of Gilgamesh”. Assyrian International News Agency. : 1-27
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