A crucial sort of gathering is fundamental to what civilization is. The world as we know it would not exist without civilizations. Compared to more common social groups like nomads, civilizations have unique characteristics. For instance, a civilization may produce surpluses of some items, which aids the people in maintaining a strong society. The Greeks and Romans believed their cultures were distinct from all others. People who could not speak Greek, or “those who couldn’t speak Greek,” were considered barbarians in Greek culture. The Greeks distanced themselves from others and created their civilization since anyone who could not speak Greek only communicated with them in “gibberish.” The Romans, who originated the term “civilization,” derived from the Latin word for “different,” shared the Greeks’ belief that they were unique. Hence, the paper herein focuses on civilization in the Roman World.
Mesopotamia, the Khmer, the Maya, the Egyptians, the Minoans, and the Inca are a few examples of civilizations (Morgan). These societies had cities, an abundance of food, a governmental or religious structure, and a writing system. The Sumerian, Assyrian, Akkadian, and Babylonian civilizations are just a few of the important Mesopotamian cultures. There is evidence that these societies make substantial use of architecture, philosophy, literature, law, and other legal systems. Further, the Khmer civilization developed from the ancient civilizations of Funan and Chenla, which occasionally controlled or served as vassals for most of mainland Southeast Asia.
The Maya civilization, a Mesoamerican culture created by the Maya people, is renowned for its logo syllabic alphabet, the most advanced and sophisticated writing system in the pre-Columbian Americas, and its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system (Guo). This civilization was intriguing because it never vanished, they fought wars among themselves, played a game called Pok-ta-Pok, and new archaeological sites are still being found. The complex urban civilization of the Minoan civilization began around 2000 BC, and it was located on the island of Crete and the other Aegean Islands. Its earliest origins date to approximately 3500 BC, declining from approximately 1450 BC until it ended around 1100 BC, during the early Greek Dark Ages (Guo). Finally, between 1400 and 1533 CE, the Inca civilization flourished in ancient Peru. By the end of it, their empire covered all of western South America, from Quito in the north to Santiago in the south. The empire was the biggest ever seen in the Americas and the biggest in the entire world at the time.
Similarly, the value of water to individuals and society is civilization’s most significant lesson (Morgan). Technology achievements are meaningless without them. Water is the most frequent cause of a place becoming uninhabitable. The culture of the Aegean tells the story of how the world came to be as it is. The ability to build and write is one of people’s most remarkable accomplishments. These two responsibilities were the bonds that bound their people together. Today, both constructing and writing are significant. Without writing, we could not analyze ideas; without structures, we could not make them come to life. They coordinated trade across the Aegean Sea thanks to the 2,000 islands that made up the continent. Rumor has it that Santorini was the original Atlantis that Plato wrote about. We can protect them in the future by using the lessons we can draw from the lost paradise.
In conclusion, students can better grasp the world by studying ancient civilizations. Students can better grasp the similarities and variations in economic and political systems among many cultures, populations, and ecosystems by connecting ancient civilizations to humanities and social sciences, for instance.
Works Cited
Morgan, Lewis Henry. Ancient society: Or researches along the lines of human progress from savagery through barbarism to civilization. Good Press, 2019.
Guo, Rongxing. “Water: A New History of Civilizations.”
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