Introduction
The proposed booklet tries to expound the challenging and exciting relationship between Person-Centred Care, Public Health, and Human Development within the context of the practice discipline of nursing. The philosophy at the base of modern practice revolves around Person-Centred Care, which refers to a person-based philosophical approach to acknowledging individual uniqueness concerning individual needs, preferences, and values for care regarded as personalized (Johns, 2023). This booklet explores how public health complements and enriches person-centred care by working on the health determinants impacting individuals and communities. Moreover, the role of human development in varied lifespan levels has been researched, hence emphasizing its importance concerning mental, physical, behavioural, and cognitive conditions of health (Leifer and Fleck, 2021). This research, therefore, sets out in this dissertation to develop a comprehensive understanding of how these concepts interlink, dovetail, and impact nursing practices by growing a holistic approach to care that aims to help people’s well-being and health in all life stages.
Definition and Models of Person-Centred Care
According to Byrne (2022), Person-Centred Care (PCC) focuses and directs attention to several inclinations, values, family situations, and lifestyles of human beings at large during their care. It tries to see every patient as an individual unique from him or her given his or her clinical diagnosis and does not look at him as a recipient. As argued by Byrne, A. L. et al. (2023), PCC in nursing proves to be of great importance in that it culminates in the increased satisfaction of patients, better health outcomes, and increased quality care at increased efficiency and with fewer administrative costs. The nurse will offer responsive, respectful, and effective care by valuing the person behind the patient.
According to Brickley et al. (2021), several Person-Centred Care models have been developed to guide practitioners in implementing this approach. Kitwood model is one of the most important models, especially in dementia care. It stresses that patients must be treated with respect and dignity and through engaging in every case. Another model is the McCormack and McCance model, which provides a picture of the core attributes essential for work practitioners to exercise professionally, like professional competence, interpersonal development, and commitment to the job (McCormack et al., 2021).
The Person-Centred Nursing Framework further discusses the attributes required for genuine patient engagement. McCormack and McCance (2022) further explained that the model particularly underscores a therapeutic environment that supports autonomy, shared decision-making, and the building of therapeutic relationships. It also highlights the role of the care environment and team in supporting the delivery of person-centred care.
The following is another tool with practical strategies that healthcare providers can use to better their care delivery (Ahmed et al., 2019). It focuses on understanding the patient’s perspective, sharing power and responsibility, and building a collaborative partnership between the patient and the healthcare professional.
Botelho and Lima (2020) posit that such models integrated into everyday practice require a constant reflection and flexibility of doctors, representing a solid commitment to understanding patients’ individual needs and experiences. This is done to ensure the care is person-centred, resulting in good outcomes and enriching the patient’s experience in health care. Public health is considered the health and well-being of the whole population. Public health can contribute very strongly to the importance of care centred on the patient: to bring tools for the disease and the medical approach increasingly based on preferences.
Public Health’s Impact on Person-Centred Care
Consequently, one can say that integrated Public Health interventions with Person-Centred Care (PCC) are transformative because they enhance healthcare delivery and its results. PCC Barra-Navratil (2019) makes clear that individualized public health concerns to avoid the outbursts of any disease, to secure the longevity of life and create overall health through a process that includes organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private communities, and individuals complement perfectly the holistic view of PCC. This connectedness aims at the emergent health issues and the root causes of ill health likely to impact the individual and populations.
An example provided for this connectedness is the rollout of vaccination programmes. According to Hudson and Montelpare (2021), these programs are broad-based strategies in the context of public health that are sensitive to the uniqueness and circumstances of persons, involving respect for their health history, beliefs, and preoccupations. Thus, this case shows how public health strategies are adaptive to be respectful and respond to individual health needs and preferences in an individual-focused approach with a higher return of participation and effectiveness (Edú-Valsania, Laguía, and Moriano, 2022).
A further example is community intervention for the management of chronic diseases. Public fitness programs are frequently named for supportive environments to be customary to foster wholesome lifestyles, along with bodily interest and balanced vitamins (King et al., 2019). When individual-concentrated interventions take location, they may evolve in a manner that meets men’s or women’s needs and personal preferences of people, consequently more efficaciously helping them in long-term health coping in a way matching the way they live and their values. Moreover, in keeping with Mouratidis (2021), at the centre of individual-focused care are the social determinants of health addressed with the aid of public fitness projects. Initiatives addressing areas inclusive of housing, training, and social inclusion bring about environments that support the welfare of individuals and their groups, said Mouratidis (2021). As such, the holistic approach thus sets a fundamental step for providing person-centred care in understanding that a wide range of factors influences health and well-being.
Another example of public health strategies as a means that is integral for the provision of person-centred care is mental health initiatives. The fundamental critical elements are reduced stigma, improved access to mental health services, and support in social programs (Mascayano et al., 2020). As much as these are initiatives oriented at improving overall mental health in populations, it is of equal importance that the care is responsive to the individual needs of persons with mental health challenges and is delivered in line with the principles of person-centred care.
Human Development Across the Lifespan
Human development throughout the lifespan is critical in nursing, as it establishes a foundation for holistic assessment, planning, and intervention in terms of the different health needs within the lifespan development context. Each health intervention with each developmental stage presents challenges that must be met—from infancy to old age. (Hockenberry, Wilson, and Rodgers, 2021) This calls for intervention at an early age to individuals’ cognitive and physical selves, which has to be inculcated with long-term substantial health gains. In adolescence, this would imply various risks connected to mental health, social identity, and the tendencies for risk-taking behaviours, and these have to be appropriately addressed through needs-aligned care.
During adulthood, some of the major concerns that arise include reproductive health, chronic diseases, and age-related health problems. As highlighted by Balwan and Kour (2021), for instance, concerns in Middle age revolve around cardiovascular health and cancer and preventive health measures, among others. It is also a time when the cumulative effects of lifestyle choices become more apparent. Nursing care must adapt to these changing health priorities, offering guidance on healthy living and early detection of health issues.
Elderly care underscores the importance of holistic, person-centred approaches that address the complex interplay of physical decline, cognitive impairment, and social isolation (Ebrahimi et al., 2021). Geriatric nursing focuses on maintaining quality of life, managing chronic conditions, and supporting independence while recognizing the individual’s life experiences and values.
Reflecting on my personal experiences in nursing, I have observed how an individual’s developmental stage profoundly influences their health needs and how they interact with healthcare services. For instance, working with adolescents taught me the importance of building trust and respecting their emerging autonomy Merrill, Booker and Fivush (2019) stated. In contrast, caring for elderly patients highlighted the need for patience, empathy, and the ability to listen to their life stories, which often provide insights into their health behaviours and preferences.
Human Development Across the Lifespan
Human development across the lifespan encompasses a series of stages, each marked by unique physical, cognitive, and mental health challenges and milestones. From infancy, where the muse for agreeing with and gaining knowledge is established, to adolescence, specializing in cognitive development and social talents, each degree plays a critical position in a man or woman’s fitness trajectory (Hertzman and Power, 2020). Adolescence introduces giant physical adjustments and intellectual fitness considerations, which include identification formation and chance-taking behaviours. Adulthood involves managing lifestyle factors that affect continual situations, mental fitness, and cognitive function (Kovacs and Bellinger, 2020). It is a period in which the effect of earlier life selections will become evident in a single’s bodily and mental well-being (Christner et al., 2021). The transition to older adulthood emphasizes the control of age-related bodily changes, cognitive decline, and the renovation of intellectual fitness, highlighting the importance of a holistic method of care that considers the cumulative outcomes of lifestyle stages. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) emphasizes the importance of know-how in those developmental levels in supplying compassionate and character-centred care (Moore et al., 2021). Recognizing the particular needs and demanding situations at every level of improvement allows nurses to tailor their techniques efficaciously, ensuring that care is suitable and respectful of the character’s journey through lifestyles. Reflecting on private nursing exercises, it is evident that an appreciation for the nuances of human development can appreciably enhance care shipping (Younas et al., 2020). For instance, attracting children calls for a distinct method compared to adults or the aged, where communication, empathy, and information about their developmental degree are crucial in effectively addressing their health desires. Conclusion This ebook has delved into the essential components of nursing exercise, underscoring the synergy between Person-Centred Care, Public Health, and Human Development throughout the lifespan. It highlighted the essence of tailoring healthcare to individual needs, alternatives, and existence tiers, ensuring that care is effective and empowering. The exploration of various models of Person-Centred Care, the effect of Public Health projects and the significance of knowledge of human improvement underscores the complexity and intensity of nursing practice. Integrating those insights is paramount for nurses aiming to provide holistic, robust care that addresses the vast spectrum of human health needs. This comprehensive technique, rooted in empathy, appreciation, and scientific know-how, is pivotal in addressing the evolving fitness challenges of various populations, thereby enriching the first-class and efficacy of nursing care in numerous healthcare settings.
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