Scrum Management
Scrum is an agile method that follows the manifestos to deliver agile software methodology. Scrum is performed in two to four weeks, called sprint cycles. Sprints help scrum teams to focus on one issue at a time entirely. It is a continuous process of development and enables teams to communicate efficiently. Scrum project management occurs in phases encompassing the methodology’s more giant project management umbrella (Noteboom, Ofori, Sutrave & El-Gayar, 2021). Scrum project management is used in software development to forge maintenance, development, and build sustainable products in timed and complex environments. These scrum phases are the stages of the scrum development plan, carried out in five steps: initiation, planning and estimation, implementation, reviewing, and releasing (Editorial Team, 2022).
Agile Methodology
Several development methodologies are built into the Agile development methodology. They provide several approaches to dealing with software development. Extreme programming (XP), Lean, Kanban, crystal, the Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM), and feature-driven development are among them (FDD). Scrum is effective at creating and managing incremental projects. Lean makes the most of the team’s resources and guarantees that everyone contributes and learns. Organizations that use Kanban concentrate on ongoing development without taxing the development teams. On the other hand, XP adheres to four fundamental principles: mettle, criticism, communication, and simplicity. With prompt feedback and effective client involvement in the development process, it assures the production of high-quality products. The sub-methodologies included in Crystal include crystal yellow, crystal clear, and others. Early product delivery, strong client associations, adaptability, and minimization of distractions are priorities for Crystal. Before the product is finished, the main goal of DSDM is to make sure it meets the demands of the business appropriately. Lastly, FDD is a quick iteration process where user stories are to scrums and features are to the rational unified approach (Editorial Team, 2022).
User stories are minor units in the agile development framework. It is an end target and not a feature expressed from a customer’s point of view; it shifts the tide from focusing on writing requirements to talking about them. User stories comprise four elements, also called “The Four Cs.” These include the card, the conversation, the confirmation, and the context. User stories occur in five steps. Firstly the definition is done. Secondly, we decide on the personas. Thirdly, we create a task; fourthly, we map the stories; and finally, we request customer feedback. A user story is defined progressively through three stages: a brief explanation of the requirements, discussions during backlog and iteration planning to finalize the specifics, and tests to verify the story’s proper completion.
As much as agile methods are pragmatic, they face a few challenges. They are suitable for app and other software development but not for embedded systems or the development of large complex systems. Its informality is also at odds with the legal channels adhered to by large organizations. These limit them to small co-located teams. Agile methods are for new software development rather than maintenance, yet most cash is in upkeeping. Agile methods integrate with plan-driven processes; this is a fundamental requirement in scaling agile methods. Team size, physical distribution, organizational dispersion, legal compliance, cultural complexity, technological complexity, and organizational discipline are crucial factors to take into account while growing (Santos & De Carvalho, 2021, p. xx)
Requirements engineering
From a high-level abstract expression of a service or system constraint to an intricate mathematical functional definition, requirements can take many different forms. They are of three types: users, systems, and software specification. User requirements, which are for consumers, consist of statements in plain language together with illustrations describing the services the system offers and its operating limitations. System requirements are agreements between customers and contractors that provide in-depth details of the system services. User requirement documentation describes what the user does with the system, while system requirements documentation describes what the system shall do (Alferez et al., 2019). Last but not least, Software specification provides thorough software specification, which is for developers and acts as the foundation for design execution. What a product performs with its features and functions is defined by a functional system requirement, which also includes a list of the system’s components. A non-functional system requirement specifies a software system’s quality attribute, which is a description of the system’s fundamental characteristics. Requirement engineering occurs through various stages. The main steps in elicitation include interviews, questionnaires, user observation, use cases, and prototyping. The main activities in the analysis involve discovering, evaluating, recording, and validating. While validation takes place in two steps checking and prototyping to ensure the product meets requirements. The relationship between the three is that elicitation should occur before conditions can be modeled or analyzed. Validation assures the product meets customer requirements.
References
Alferez, M., Pastore, F., Sabetzadeh, M., Briand, L., & Riccardi, J. R. (2019, September). Bridging the gap between requirements modeling and behavior-driven development. In 2019 ACM/IEEE 22nd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS) (pp. 239-249). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/models.2019.00008
Editorial Team. (2022, June 25). 5 scrum phases for Project Management (plus benefits). Indeed. Retrieved March 26, 2023, from https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/scrum-phases
Noteboom, C., Ofori, M., Sutrave, K., & El-Gayar, O. (2021). Agile project management: a systematic literature review of adoption drivers and critical success factors. https://doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2021.813
Santos, P. D. O., & de Carvalho, M. M. (2021). Exploring the challenges and benefits for scaling agile project management to large projects: a review. Requirements Engineering, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-021-00363-3
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